The
five blocks of queue
of unemployed and informal people in search of employment in a shopping center in Nordelta, which Clarín reported on Friday, is an even more pressing reality, according to recent official data from INDEC.
It is that
more than 4.4 million people are “actively” seeking employment
in urban areas: 1.3 million because they are unemployed and 3.1 million because, despite being employed, they are looking for another job, dissatisfied with the one they have.
The data correspond to a broader measurement by INDEC, which covers the total urban population of the country (42.3 million inhabitants and 19.6 million active population).
And they show the enormous level of
pressure from the demand for employment
in the face of a
more than restricted supply
, which favors
informality and job insecurity.
After the high levels due to the 2018 and 2019 recession, and in 2020 due to the outbreak of the pandemic and the restrictions on activity, urban unemployment fell to 6.7% in the third quarter of 2022. There are 1,309,000 unemployed
.
They are people “who, having no occupation, are actively looking for work and are available to work.
Corresponds to open unemployment”, according to the INDEC definition.
Meanwhile, the Report also highlights that
of the 18,307,000 employed, 3,108,000 seek another job
because they are willing to work more hours or improve their salary or employment situation.
This concept includes various forms of job insecurity, such as people who perform temporary jobs while actively looking for a job or involuntarily working less than normal hours, working in positions below the minimum wage
or
for their personal or family needs, or in positions for below your rating, among others.
According to specialists, one of the reasons for the search for another job by those who have a job is due to the
drop in real wages
.
And to labor informality.
Out of 12,841,000 urban wage earners, 4,927,000 work “without retirement discount”, according to INDEC data.
They are 38.3% of the total
.
In 2022, formal wages had an increase of 90.4% versus inflation of 94.8%, with the greatest decline among informal wage earners, according to INDEC data.
Compared to 2017, wages accumulate a loss of 23.4%, with a greater drop in informal wage earners who register higher levels of both indigence and poverty.
15.4% of those who have a formal job are poor
, while among informal wage earners (without a retirement discount) poverty at
rises to 47.3%.
In this way, despite the recovery of activity, the higher level of employment and the drop in unemployment, these indicators are the consequence of the fact that there was
no recovery in real wages, which has accumulated 5 years of decline.
Among the employed looking for another job, several provinces stand out where
they exceed 20% of the active population.
This is the case of
Tucumán
(29.2%),
Jujuy
(23.7%),
Mendoza
(23.1%),
Córdoba
(23%) and
La Rioja
(21.3%).
With a single digit, Misiones (8.7%), Formosa (9.5%), Chubut (9.7%) and Rio Negro (9.9%) stand out.
In the City of Buenos Aires it is 10.4%
(167,000 employed) and in the Province of Buenos Aires, 15.7% (1,274,000 employed).
In the province of Córdoba, between unemployed and employed jobseekers, 29.5% of the active population are seeking work.
There are 494,000 people out of an active population of the Province of 1,674,000.
NE
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