Parliamentarians and the government are considering giving single mothers a specific, more protective status. Emmanuelle, 53, separated from the father of her children in 2015 following repeated physical and psychological violence.

“Mother courage, it annoys me. Me, I’m a fighter, a warrior,” says this slim woman, wearing jeans and a sailor top, with a dim look in front of her coffee.  For lack of space, she folds and unfolds a sofa bed for herself morning and evening in the small living room.