“Supercycle” in raw materials? The energy transition could permanently drive up the prices of minerals. There could be a shortage of supply of critical raw materials in the period from 2025 to 2030.

Mining the required raw materials is very CO₂-intensive. Weak investment activity endangers the future supply ofcritical minerals. The development of new mines that would produce the urgently needed minerals could take up to 15 years. The Paris Climate Agreement tightened environmental regulations and “environmental damage caused by exploration and production increased public and investor awareness”