Bernard-Henri Lévy analyzes the anatomy of the tragedy of October 7. More than a new bloody episode in the Israeli-Arab conflict, he sees it as a pogrom without precedent since the Shoah.

The Jews of France had experienced the torture of Ilan Halimi. They had seen the denial of justice that her namesake Sarah Halimi had suffered, post mortem. The France of human rights and Voltaire once again became a country where one could die for being Jewish.