The French government sent Brussels this mandatory document on its economic forecasts almost three months after the deadline. In its copy, the Ministry of Finance promises the European institutions that, by the end of the five-year term, it will bring the public deficit below the very symbolic bar of 3% of GDP.

On the debt side, the executive aims for a substantial reduction to 108.3% in 2027, against 111.6% today, a decrease of 3.3 points. A commitment that succeeds in the tour de force of being both insufficient - the debt target set by Europe is 60% - and "not very credible"