Calcutta was founded as a trading post in 1686, it was not until the Battle of Plassey in 1757 that it became a city. In 1905, Viceroy Curzon divided Bengal into two: Western Bengal, whose capital is Calcutta and with a Hindu majority, and Eastern Bengal, with a Muslim majority.

In 1911 came the ignominy of the capital's move to New Delhi, still a trauma that discreetly throbs. In 1943 the catastrophic famine claimed almost three million people.