Russia supplied the EU with nearly 40% of its natural gas and was preparing to become an even more significant supplier with the commissioning of the new Nord Stream II gas pipeline. The slowdown in Russian gas deliveries pushed Europe towards a violent and unprecedented inflationary crisis in forty years.
The economies of the euro zone have both consumed less energy and have been able, in all directions, to diversify their sources of supply. New contracts have been concluded with suppliers such as Algeria, Azerbaijan, Norway and Qatar. Result, at the end of 2022, the volumes transported by gas pipeline…