French debt held by foreign investors. At the end of the third quarter of 2023, the amount of securities held by investors outside France stood at 53%.
Despite a deficit of 5.5%, the debt to gross domestic product (GDP) ratio decreased in 2023. It is inflation which explains this slight " counterintuitive improvement" In volume terms, however, the debt will inevitably increase. To finance the future deficit, the State has in fact planned to raise the record amount of 285 billion euros on the markets this year.