In the first round of voting, he received 65.5 percent of the vote among the German-Turks. Erdogan is thus likely to do much better among voters in Germany than overall.

In Germany, around 1.5 million German- Turks are eligible to vote. In the run-off election, they did not vote on election day on Sunday, but a few days before. There is also a kind of protest attitude due to experiences of discrimination, says Yunus Ulusoy.