Bernard Cazeneuve, opposed to the Nupes alliance, intends to revive French social democracy. The future of the left is as much a matter of ideological line as of personal equation.

Like François Hollande, like Nicolas Mayer-Rossignol, Michaël Delafosse or Anne Hidalgo, the mayors of Rouen, Montpellier and Paris, the former head of government refuses a left-wing government. The former elected representative of Cherbourg returns in his own way, "passionately moderate", a quality that Tocqueville recognized.