Hope for an HIV vaccine is renewed after decades of scientific failures. Researchers working on several clinical trials assure that “the field of HIV vaccine development is in a better moment than ever” The virus that causes AIDS still infects more than 1 million people each year.

An effective vaccine is really the only way to provide long-term immunity against HIV, says Dr. Julie McElrath, director of the division of vaccines and infectious diseases at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center in Seattle.