Investigations into the Kremlin's links with the 'procés' requested by the EU have been in the Spanish courts for years. The intelligence services detected alleged Russian spies in Catalonia on key dates, before and during the illegal referendum of October 1, 2017.

In recent years, the services of several countries have linked alleged destabilization maneuvers in Europe, such as the poisoning in March 2018 of Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia in the United Kingdom. The European Parliament demands to investigate whether there was Russian interference in the'Procés'