At the South Pole of Mars there is a volume of water ice between 1 and 1.3 million cubic kilometers. This is indicated by the estimates obtained by Italian research based on data collected in the past by multiple missions.
The study was coordinated by the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and the Space Robotics Investigation Group of the Sapienza University of Rome. The Martian polar ice caps, like those on Earth, are a sort of memory of the evolution of the climate. It has been demonstrated that Mars once had rivers and seas.