Retouched photo: why the “Kate Middleton affair” is not so anecdotal. Semiologist Élodie Laye Mielczareck sees this as a breach of the moral contract with the reader.

Kate Middleton represents beyond herself: she is a symbol. If the question of photographic retouching escapes any judicial notion, it nonetheless calls into question the field of ethics. If a message without a code at first sight is a message at all, it is not sufficient. It is no longer in itself, it overflows. Above the Law, recalls the historian Barthes, “retouching is only a result, not an aesthetic result”