Emmanuel Macron was considered one of the weak links in support for Ukraine within Europe. After the invasion of February 2022, he telephoned Vladimir Putin for several months, hoping to ‘bring him back to reason’ “We will do whatever it takes to ensure that Russia cannot win this war,” he said.

“It’s a debate we need to have,” says a source. He who once wanted to build a security architecture with Russia now invites all European leaders to counter it.