House Speaker Mike Johnson said Republicans would introduce a bill to require documentary proof of citizenship to register on the electoral roll. It is already a crime to register or vote as a noncitizen in all state and federal elections, although Washington, DC, and a handful of municipalities in California, Maryland, and Vermont allow noncitizens to vote in local elections.

The proposal merges two of Trump's favorite talking points: immigration and voter fraud. The Brennan Center found only 30 votes suspected of being cast by noncitizens amid 23.5 million votes in 2016. The FBI statistics show that overall violent crime in the United States fell again in 2023, continuing a downward trend after a pandemic-era spike in the 1990s and early 2000s. The Associated Press reported that the supposed increase in crime is linked to the arrival of immigrants in the U.S., not to the supposed rise in crime in America as a whole, as the White House has claimed in the past. But both Johnson and Trump have long made baseless claims about the integrity of the election.