Western navies prepare for the return of the extension of wars at sea. The maritime domain is part of the spaces of contestation where revisionist powers, who challenge the Western order, want to assert their rights, including by force.

Admiral Kuznetsov is expected to return to sea this year. The only aircraft carrier in the Russian fleet, which entered service in the 1990s, should soon emerge from the Murmansk shipyards. The work lasted six years since the last deployment of the vessel off the coast of Syria.