By 2026, electric cars will be cheaper than combustion engines, the study predicts. Manufacturing costs for electric car batteries are falling.

By 2035, only climate-neutral electric vehicles and vehicles using e-fuels will be allowed to be registered in the EU. The researchers predict battery will have a dominant market position by the end of the decade. Consumption costs with e- Fuels will increase by 60 to 90 percent by 2045, the researchers say. For vehicles with batteries or fuel cells, they remain almost identical.