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People with this blood type are less contagious in the corona

Two studies conducted in different parts of the world suggest that blood type affects not only the risk of contracting Covid-19 but also the chance of developing a serious illness.

Who is at risk and who has extra protection?

The details inside

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• blood

• Corona

• covid-19

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health

Monday, 19 October 2020, 00:01

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In the video: Reducing Corona morbidity in the Bedouin localities in the Negev (Photo: Shai Makhlouf and Israel Police Spokeswoman)

People whose blood type is O may be less vulnerable to the corona virus and less likely to develop severe Covid-19 disease, according to two studies published this week.

Current studies provide further confirmation that blood type plays a significant role both in a person's chances of infection and in his or her risk of developing a serious illness.

The reasons behind this link between blood type and disease risk as well as the implications this has on patients are still unclear, and scientists are calling for further studies to clarify this point.

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One study conducted in Denmark among 7,422 people who were found to be positive for Covid-19 found that only 38.4 percent of them had blood type O, although the proportion of those with this blood type was in a larger sample group of 2.2 million people and reflected their share of the general population. About 41.7 percent.

By comparison, 44.4 percent of the positive patients in the study group had blood type A, although their share in the general population is lower and stands at 42.4 percent.

"No greater risk than age or background diseases."

Positive blood test for corona antibodies (Photo: Reuters)

The second study on the subject was conducted in Canada, and found that out of 95 severe patients with Covid-19, a high proportion (84 percent) of those with blood type A or AB needed artificial respiration.

This compares with a rate of 61 percent of patients with blood type O or B. The researchers also found that patients with blood type A or AB were hospitalized in intensive care for a longer period - a median hospitalization of 13.5 days, compared to a corresponding median of 9 days of hospitalization for critically ill patients With blood type O or B.

"As a treating physician, it is in the back of my mind when I assess the condition of patients. But in terms of an unequivocal marker - repeated studies are needed to see different results in different areas," said Dr. Mifinder Scone, a physician in the department.

"I do not think blood type is a more serious risk factor than other factors such as age, background illnesses and the like," said Dr. Scone, "if you have blood type A it is not a reason to go into

intensive care at Vancouver General Hospital.

" "Panic, just as people with blood type O should not be complacent and feel free to congregate in pubs."

People with blood type O were hospitalized for a longer period of time in intensive care.

Staff treat a patient in the Corona ward at Shaare Zedek Hospital in Jerusalem (Photo: Nati Shochat / Flash 90)

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Humans are divided into four blood groups: A, B, O and AB.

Blood type has very little meaning in our daily lives, except for situations where a blood transfusion is needed.

And Dr. Torben Barrington senior investigator responsible for a Danish study about blood type and Covid-19 and lecturer at the School of Medicine of the University of Odense in Denmark, the relationship between blood type and the virus does not need to bother now the general public.

"We still can not say whether this In what type of additional protection that blood type O patients enjoy, or in greater vulnerability of other blood types.

"I think there is interest here at the scientific level, and only after we find and understand what is the mechanism that works between the two factors, maybe we can use this protection in some therapeutic way," Dr. Barrington said.

Blood type does not affect mortality risk

In the Danish study, the researchers analyzed data from patients who were found to be positive between February 27 and July 30, and the patients' blood type distribution was compared to the blood type distribution of participants from another study who were not tested for Covid-19.

They ultimately concluded that blood type is not a risk factor affecting the risk of hospitalization or mortality as a result of Covid-19.

The two studies - Danish and Canadian - were published in the journal Blood Advances.

The mechanism linking blood type and vulnerability to Covid-19 is still unclear to scientists.

Oron Yehuda National Fund's Corona Laboratory (Photo: Reuven Castro)

Although there are some speculations about the mechanism that would explain the relationship between blood type and corona, none of them are certain at this stage.

Canadian Dr. Scott said one explanation may be related to the fact that people with blood type O have fewer coagulation factors and are therefore at lower risk for blood clots. Hypercoagulability is known as one of the causative agents of Covid-19 disease.

Other possible explanations include certain antigens that are typical of the types. Different blood, and how they affect the production of antibodies. Or genes that are related to the expression of different blood types and how they affect certain receptors in the immune system. "This is a scientific diagnosis that is repeated and is very interesting, so it requires further research," said D. R. Scone.

"Patterns are repeated in all studies"

Last June, the New England Journal of Medicine published a study that found genetic data suggesting that blood type A had a higher risk of being infected with Covid-19 while those with blood type O had a lower risk of becoming infected.

Adding the two most recent studies from Canada and Denmark to that study "it indicates that it is a true scientific phenomenon. Although we can not yet say for sure, we do see consistency in this issue. The patterns of unusual blood type O in this context are repeated in all studies" Dr. Adelja, a senior at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health and Safety, said last night.

According to him, blood types and the vulnerability of each to different infections is a field that has been researched quite a bit in the medical literature in the past. For example, past research shows that type O blood is actually more vulnerable to neurovirus infections.

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