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Is West Nile fever also endangering us now?
In recent weeks there have been more and more reports in Israel of people who contracted West Nile fever, including an 11-year-old girl. Here is everything you need to know about the disease caused by a mosquito bite
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Nile fever
West Nile fever
Mosquitoes
I'm just asking
Dr. Idan Goren
Friday, 23 October 2020, 07:38
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In the video: Instructional video on Nile fever (Ministry of Health)
West Nile Fever is a viral disease transmitted to humans by virus-infected mosquitoes.
In light of this, most cases occur during the period when mosquitoes are more active, from the beginning of summer until the end of autumn.
There is no vaccine for the virus or specific drug treatment for it.
While 20 percent of those infected with West Nile fever develop any symptoms, only 0.6 percent of those infected develop a serious illness that can be even fatal.
The only way to reduce the risk of contracting the virus is to prevent mosquito bites, whether through long sleeves, mosquito repellents or environmental measures to eradicate mosquitoes such as drying incubator sites and dedicated pesticides.
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How is West Nile Fever Recognized?
As mentioned, most of the infected do not develop symptoms at all.
In the minority who develop symptoms, most often it is a feverish disease, accompanied by other symptoms that are typical of viral diseases such as headaches, muscle and joint pain or skin rash.
Sometimes there are also gastrointestinal symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea.
Does the disease have long-term consequences?
The vast majority of those infected recover from the virus, but like Corona, in the case of West Nile fever symptoms such as weakness and fatigue may last for several weeks even after the initial symptoms of the disease have passed.
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Could West Nile fever be life-threatening?
Of the people infected with the virus, only one in 150 will develop a serious illness.
The disease itself affects severe cases in the central nervous system and causes inflammation in the brain itself or meningitis.
In these conditions, in addition to high fever and headaches, there can be changes in the state of consciousness, various neurological deficits, convulsions and even coma.
Who is at risk for a serious illness?
Like other infectious diseases, age over 60 is considered a risk factor, as well as background diseases such as diabetes, cancer or taking drugs that suppress the immune system, such as in organ transplants.
The only way to protect yourself from the virus is to stay away from bites.
Mosquito repellent gif (Photo: ShutterStock)
How is West Nile Fever Diagnosed?
Diagnosis is made using serological tests to detect antibodies against the virus in various body fluids, and tests that help assess the amount of neutralizing antibodies against the virus.
How is it treated?
Like most viral infections, there is no specific treatment for the disease.
Mild and severe cases are treated with supportive care only.
Various drugs have been tested as a possible treatment for the disease, but so far none of them have demonstrated efficacy in treating West Nile fever.
How do you prevent infection?
There is no specific vaccine for the virus so the main focus is on preventing infection, which is no different from other mosquito-borne diseases.
Local and national mosquito control programs are the main tool for prevention.
On a personal level, personal protective equipment such as using mosquito repellents, wearing long-sleeved shirts and pants, and limiting being out in the evening and at night can significantly reduce the risk of being stung.
Are only humans infected with West Nile fever?
No, West Nile fever is not a unique problem for humans.
The virus attacks birds, among other things, in some cases through mosquito bites and in other cases, especially in birds of prey or scavengers, direct infection by eating an infected animal.
In fact, one of the ways to track the virus in the world is through the monitoring of dead birds.
It is known that some species are more sensitive to the effects of the virus and therefore tracking crows and dead ravens can be a measure of West Nile virus presence in any geographical area.
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