Spain completes its first two months of vaccination with 4.5 million doses administered and 1.2 million people already on the completed schedule (the three available vaccines —Pfizer, Moderna and AstraZeneca— require two doses).
Although each one in its time and form, the communities are advancing in the common vaccination strategy: the first priority group to be tapped - staff and users of residences - is almost completed and the second - first-line sanitarians - accelerates with the second dose.
The autonomies now overlap immunization with the other preferential groups (other health personnel, large dependents, those over 80 years of age and essential personnel, who in turn are divided into subgroups) and deploy their particular devices: while some choose to vaccinate in health centers. health and door-to-door mobile units, others resort to setting up large enclosures.
Of the 20 subgroups that Health has prioritized so far, there are already 11 that are receiving the vials simultaneously throughout Spain: from the furthest behind in residences to one that is even undefined, since Catalonia has advanced immunizing transplant patients .
Among those in the strategy, those between 55 and 80 years of age (divided by age sub-brackets) and essential workers over 55 (with messenger RNA vaccines) have yet to start;
as well as the general population between 45 and 55 years old who are not essential workers, who will receive that of AstraZeneca.
The Government maintains its objective of having 70% of the population vaccinated in summer.
When will 70% of adults in Spain have been vaccinated?
Organizational problems prevent the administration of all the vaccines that arrive
Those under 55 who have passed the coronavirus infection will receive a single dose of the vaccine
“We are applying about 170,000 daily doses and we need to reach 300,000 to meet the objective.
We still do not have the vaccination intensity that we should.
There is a bottleneck, since only four million vaccines have arrived in two months, but another point to highlight is that only 80% have been administered, on average.
And there are communities below that average.
There is a space to increase efficiency, ”says Daniel López-Acuña, former Director of Emergencies at the World Health Organization.
The Basque Country has only administered 65.7% of the doses received and the Balearic Islands, 77%.
On the other side of the coin are Andalusia, Aragon, Galicia, Ceuta and Melilla, which exceed 90%.
There is a joint vaccination strategy, but each community implements it in its own way.
Some keep a
stock
to guarantee second doses, others spend everything they receive and almost all have begun to overlap, to a greater or lesser extent, the priority groups.
Even to change the order, like Madrid, which punctured the toilets before many residents.
“As far as possible, to avoid situations that create tension, there is a national plan that should be fulfilled.
This is not a race ”, reprimands Amós García, president of the Spanish Association of Vaccination.
Difficulties after residencies
After immunizing the residences, which were limited and controlled sites, the logistics of vaccination have become more complex.
The profiles are more complicated: people over 80 who live at home, some with mobility difficulties, large dependents who do not leave their homes ... The autonomous regions have opted for such disparate strategies as enabling mobile devices and making home-to-home vaccination routes , meet them at the health center or mount a device in large venues, such as the Wanda Metropolitano, in Madrid.
Murcia and Andalusia are also using sports halls.
The latter contemplates the use of large football stadiums, such as La Cartuja in Seville or Los Cármenes, in Granada, or the bullring in Córdoba, which have not yet been used.
“You have to protect the elderly and large dependents and you cannot take them to a vaccination center.
The strategy will have to be at home or in the health center.
When we increase vaccination and larger groups enter, the large enclosures will make sense, but as long as they are prepared and security is guaranteed, in case an emergency has to be acted upon, ”said Amós García, president of the Spanish Society of Vaccination.
The epidemiologist Salvador Peiró also points out that another challenge, as vaccination progresses, will be to improve the information systems to stratify the target population to be immunized well.
"The plan of the [Health] ministry leaves room for the cancer patient or the patient at risk because there are differences between communities to be able to properly identify this population according to their comorbidities and risk," the expert values.
The Ministry of Health expects to receive at least 887,000 doses of vaccines (520,000 from Pfizer and 367,000 from AstraZeneca) this week.
The department headed by Carolina Darias reported yesterday that this week it will begin to publish detailed data on the advancement of vaccination by groups.
Until now, this information is heterogeneous: not all communities publish or provide it in the same way, and few do so with exhaustive data.
THE COUNTRY has consulted all of them and these are the vaccination forecasts for this week.
ANDALUSIA.
It continues to vaccinate people over 80 years of age, first and second line health workers, primary care doctors and home help.
It is also advancing with home immunization for large dependents and teachers.
This week the State security forces and bodies will also be added.
The Andalusian vaccination plan contemplates the use of large spaces such as stadiums.
The Nuevo Colombino stadium in Huelva, the Cádiz congress palace, the Vista Alegre municipal palace in Córdoba, the Fermasa trade fair in Granada or the Las Fuentezuelas sports center in Jaén are serving as mass vaccination points.
Universities have also offered their facilities and, for now, those of the University of Seville are being used to vaccinate people over 80, health professionals or teachers.
The Ministry of Health reserves for safety 20% and 40%, respectively, of the
stock
of Pfizer and Moderna vaccines.
From AstraZeneca, as the deadline for injecting the second dose is three months, no consignment is being saved and "they are injected almost as they arrive," explain sources from that department.
In Andalusia, eight out of 10 toilets already have the complete guideline.
Regarding the elderly over 80 years of age, 37.7% have had the first injection and 5.35% have the second, according to the latest updated data, on February 23.
ARAGON.
This week he plans to vaccinate 27,000 people.
It will continue to vaccinate first-line health personnel, residences, large dependents, those over 80, other health workers, essential personnel and private health professionals.
The essential personnel - they have started with firefighters, local police and civil protection - and the second-line health workers are vaccinated with the self-appointment system, where they can sign up to be punctured at one of the eight points set up in the community.
ASTURIAS.
It has already finished with the residences and the first-line health workers and will continue to vaccinate the rest of the health personnel, the large dependents and those over 80 years of age.
In other areas, municipal facilities have also been opened for certain groups.
Large dependents are vaccinated at home.
BALEARICS.
After completing the guideline in first-line residences and health facilities, large dependents and the rest of the health personnel continue to be immunized.
In addition, since the weekend, around 25,000 teachers began to be vaccinated and on Monday they began with those over 95 years of age (there are about 2,500).
Teachers are summoned at the Covid Express points that have been enabled on the different islands and where several vaccination lines operate simultaneously.
Those over 95 years of age have been summoned to their health centers.
CANARY ISLANDS.
Vaccination of health workers will end (coverage is already above 95% in first-line personnel and 88% in the rest) and will advance with large dependents (28%) and over 80 at home (4%).
The Canary Islands overlap these groups with the immunization of the police forces and the members of the Foreign Health Service.
The regional government has chosen to bring the vaccination points closer to the prioritized groups.
“The strategy is to bring them closer to where it is most comfortable for the user, especially in this phase where there is no real mass vaccination.
When there is, we will enable fairgrounds.
But now it is more efficient to go and vaccinate the workplaces themselves than to make them move, ”says a spokeswoman.
CANTABRIA.
It continues with the vaccination of those over 80 and the highly dependent.
He plans to start pricking essential personnel under the age of 55 with the AstraZeneca vaccine this month, but had not yet done so last week.
CASTILLA LA MANCHA.
It will end the primary line health workers and will continue to vaccinate other health personnel, such as dentists, through the prevention services of the hospitals.
Vaccination of large dependents will also be completed and will continue with those over 80.
CASTILLA Y LEÓN.
Immunization of health personnel will end and will continue to vaccinate large dependents and those over 80 years of age through health centers or by going to their homes.
Health personnel will be vaccinated at the designated points.
CATALONIA.
Vaccination will culminate in residences and health personnel and will continue with the immunization of large dependents, those over 80 and essential personnel.
The coverage with the first dose is already above 60% in Mossos d'Esquadra, firefighters and Guardia Urbana and in the personnel of prisons it exceeds 76%.
In teachers, 14%.
Catalonia has also been ahead of the national strategy and has already called for transplants.
The vaccination points are divided between primary care, hospitals and mobile units.
The Generalitat also proposes using large venues, such as the Camp Nou or the Sagrada Familia, when vaccination is massive.
VALENCIAN COMMUNITY.
Starting this Monday, "it is planned to increase the rate to administer 79,400 doses," according to the Valencian president, Ximo Puig, on Sunday.
Immunization of new groups such as the State Security Forces and Corps, and emergency personnel (24,000 people between the two groups) will begin, and the vaccination of large non-institutionalized dependents over 55 years of age and those over 80 years of age with 42,000 doses of Pfizer.
The former are administered at home by the staff of the nearest health center, for which routes have been established.
People over 80 years of age are cared for in health centers and if they cannot move, at home.
Vaccination of doctors in the private network with Pfizer and AstraZeneca, for those under 55, will also continue and conclude. The headquarters of the medical college has been the vaccination site in Valencia, for example.
In addition, second-line toilets and day center workers will be punctured and the immunization of police and firefighters will begin.
The Valencian Government is receiving numerous criticisms from the opposition and various professional groups for the lower amount of doses that is arriving in the community compared to other territories.
The Ministry of Health responds that until now the Government's distribution criterion was by target population groups and that the doses will be increased when it begins to be applied by age.
EXTREMADURA
.
Until the essential groups, which have started this week, and those over 80 years old (which are 70,000) are not finished, the next age groups, which will start from 70 to 79 years old, will not be planned.
Core groups will be given AstraZeneca if they are under 55 (mostly).
AstraZeneca has already been put, as of this Sunday, 3,748 doses (a number that will grow exponentially this week).
GALICIA.
With the complete vaccination in the residences, Galicia continues to inject the second dose to the first-line health personnel and has begun to vaccinate other personnel from health centers and hospitals, as well as dentists with the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine.
Immunization of large dependents also begins in March and vaccination of those over 80 and teachers has already begun.
In the case of teachers, after the complaints about the chaotic start of immunization, the Ministry of Education has agreed with the unions a proposal to prioritize teachers over 55 years of age.
THE RIOJA.
Vaccination of second-line health workers, large dependents, over 80 years of age and essential groups will be overlapped.
They have two fixed vaccination points, in the San Pedro Hospital and the Calahorra Foundation Hospital, and several mobile teams that travel through the different basic health areas to bring the vaccine to the elderly and the most vulnerable groups.
They dispense the doses in special devices enabled for the occasion and, if necessary, they are transferred to homes.
MADRID.
It will continue with the vaccination of health personnel, those over 80 years of age and essential personnel, such as teachers, which began last week.
It will also begin to immunize large dependents.
The health workers will be vaccinated at the authorized immunization points, the professional associations and the Isabel Zendal Hospital.
Large dependents will do so through primary care or home care and those over 80, in their health center.
For essential personnel, in addition to Zendal and primary care, Madrid has enabled the Wanda Metropolitano stadium.
MURCIA.
Vaccination of those over 80 years of age and large dependents will continue (those who cannot move, will be punctured at home).
Vaccination is also extended to National and Local Police and Civil Protection, as well as to members of the Civil Guard.
And prison officials will continue to be vaccinated in the Murcia City Council centers.
The regional government has set up immunization sites in 45 health centers and massive vaccination points.
NAVARRE.
The health workers will be immunized and those over 80 years old (prioritizing those over 90 years old) and large dependents will be vaccinated in a systematic way.
The first dose will be given to essential personnel, such as security forces and teachers.
Health workers are getting vaccinated in hospitals;
essential personnel are cared for in a centralized facility;
and the elderly at different points according to their mobility, such as health centers, sports centers, cultural spaces or in the same home.
BASQUE COUNTRY.
The elderly between 90 and 99 years will be vaccinated after some 800 centenarians of the 1,880 who were registered in the Basque Country, have disappeared from the radar of the Basque Health Service, Osakidetza.
The method to immunize this group will be through a summons at certain points where they can be taken by car and vaccinated without getting off the seat.
If they justify mobility problems, they will be vaccinated at home.
CEUTA.
It is the only territory that has exhausted the vaccines received, his Government presumes, and last Thursday he had to interrupt the vaccination due to lack of stock.
With the arrival of more vaccines, this week Ceuta will give the second dose to health personnel, large dependents and over 80. In addition, it is planned to continue vaccinating police and emergency personnel.
Once they finish with them, they will begin with teachers of Infant and Special Education, Primary and Secondary, in that order and depending on availability.
The territory uses an esplanade that it enabled in December to carry out covid tests as a vaccination point.
MELILLA.
This week security forces and bodies and emergency professionals will be vaccinated.
Vaccination will also continue for teachers, health workers (second doses and first injection for those not vaccinated at the time), people over 80 years of age and large dependents (the first dose will be administered at home to people who cannot move and are will continue with the second dose in health centers to those who can approach the vaccination point).
Each person is informed of their vaccination point and time and will approach one of the three devices enabled in Melilla.
With information from
Eva Saiz
,
Ferran Bono
,
Jesús A. Cañas
,
Pedro Gorospe
,
Cristina Huete, Laura J. Varo
and
Lucía Bohórquez, Lucía Tolosa
and
Pablo Linde
.