From the active population to informal workers or in situations of extreme poverty, here are five figures on the world of work in the least developed countries, on the occasion of the publication on Friday of a dedicated report from the International Labor Organization (ILO).
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46
This is the number of least developed countries (LDCs) identified in 2021 by the United Nations Organization, of which the ILO is a specialized agency.
Most of the LDCs are in Africa and Asia, but the list also includes six small island states such as the Solomon Islands or the Kiribati archipelago.
Three criteria are taken into account to classify a State in this category: income, human capital and economic and environmental vulnerability.
629
In millions, the number of people of working age in the least developed countries in 2019. Among this active population aged 15 to 64, 403 million were in full-time employment, while 208 million were not engaged in any economic activity .
Also in 2019, the total population of LDCs reached nearly 1.1 billion people.
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88.9%
In LDCs, nearly nine out of ten workers worked in the informal sector in 2019. The phenomenon is much more widespread in Africa (89.2%) and Asia (88.5%) than in island LDCs (75.1 %).
The ILO count is broad, as it includes workers who work in formal or home-based businesses but whose activity is not subject to national labor laws or income tax.
57%
It is the percentage of workers in a situation of extreme poverty who work in LDCs.
These assets earn less than $1.9 a day.
Globally, there are 218 million working people in this situation of extreme precariousness.
By extrapolation, this therefore means that of this total, almost 125 million working poor live in the least developed countries.
Less than 5
Among all working people in LDCs, 78% of them work in companies with less than five people, and only 9% in structures with 50 or more people.
Conversely, in developed countries, less than a quarter (23%) of total employment is filled by companies with fewer than five people, and 45% of jobs are in large structures of more than 50 employees.
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"
The economies of LDCs are marked by a strong duality: on the one hand a few large formal enterprises, and on the other a large majority of small and micro-enterprises, very often in the agricultural sector
", summarized the Director General of ILO Guy Ryder on Friday during a press conference.
“
There is a missing link in the middle
,” he added, calling for the development of enterprises of more diversified sizes.
