Micromachismo, panetone, mastitis and conspiracy, among the new words of the 'Dictionary of the Spanish language'

As every year around this time, consumerism skyrockets, people eat and drink too much, they dream of millions in the Christmas lottery and the Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) announces the news of the

(DLE ), this time in its 23.6 version, only online, because for the next paper one, the 24th, we will have to wait until 2026. Among the 280 words that are incorporated into the

, micromachismo, panetone, monodosis, mastitis, crowdfunding, conspiracy stand out. , dotcom, gamer, and expressions such as useful life, dark matter or wicked session.

The director of the RAE, Santiago Muñoz Machado, stressed in the presentation that this version brings 3,152 novelties, including new words, changes in wording, text updates... and that they are agreed "with the other 22 Spanish academies in the world and with the five commissions of the institution”.

In addition, he has mentioned the modifications introduced at the initiative of the writer and academic Javier Marías, who died on September 11: hagioscope, which is the opening or small window made in the wall of a church, from where the altar can be seen;

Another novelty is traslaticio: related to translation;

and a new meaning for supervened as someone imposted, artificial.

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The director of the 24th edition of the

, the academic Paz Battaner, has been in charge of announcing the main novelties of a dictionary that has some 1,000 million visits a year.

Starting with something typical of these dates, panettone and, in its American version, panettone, as "Christmas cake of Italian origin".

Mastitis, as excessive attachment to the mother.

In the field of gender, understood as a group to which humans of each sex belong, something that many women suffer daily: micromachismo, "a form of machismo that manifests itself in small acts or expressions, usually unconscious".

Gamer, single dose and Nordic walking

The love of videogames among young people and those who are not so young has promoted the introduction of the gamer, as a person who plays videogames on a regular basis.

Related to this world is the word dotcom, an adjective for companies that carry out their activity on the Internet.

On the other hand, when we go to the pharmacy there are medicines that we buy in single doses, a feminine name that is added to the dictionary as “single dose”.

Continuing with medicine, with so many people in gyms looking for good physical shape, it has been necessary to include the hamstring, due to the muscles located on the back of the thigh and which cause so many problems for soccer players, for example.

Mediofondo and Nordic walking also come to sport, among others.

And in this time of pandemic, it has been common to hear the word conspiranoia, as the tendency to interpret events by some conspiracy.

And its derivative, conspiracy.

Animal species are also added for their use, such as manta rays, for the large, warm-water fish with two fleshy horns near the mouth.

Within the meaning of pig, the Vietnamese pig is added, "black in color, small in size and with double chins and sagging bellies."

Who knows if the fact that George Clooney had one has accelerated this incorporation.

A word linked to goodwill is crowdfunding, as "financing a project through the participation of a large number of people who contribute small amounts of money."

Micropatrons also enter.

From the economy, to politics, to add the anti-community voice, as opposed to the European Union.

And transparent and opaque, which already existed, but which add the relative meaning to the information that institutions provide about their operation or the knowledge that is had of certain processes.

If you skip to literature, anthroponyms are incorporated.

In other words, the well-known Kafkaesque or Valleinclanesco are now also Cortazariano, related to the author of

, and Garciamarquiano, for the author of

.

Portuñol, to define the speech that mixes Spanish and Portuguese, and violagambista, the musician who plays the viola de gamba, also enter, as well as the slutty session, for the shows that start at dawn.

Various demonyms have been added to the

, prepared with the help of the Ministry of Science and Innovation and the La Caixa Foundation: sur-sudanese, for South Sudan;

rabatí, for the Moroccan capital;

Emirati, from the United Arab Emirates, and Yemenite, which in this case is added to the existing Yemeni.

Continuing with countries, from Mexico it has been requested that all the definitions that included Mexico DF to refer to the capital of the country, change to Mexico City.

There are new complex ways, like saving the furniture and I want and I can't, this as an attempt to appear better than it is.

And colloquialisms, such as gusa, when you are very hungry, or rular, for something that works or is going well (both in Spain).

Other colloquialisms come from America: like ma for woman or breast;

or lining, for that very attractive person (in Mexico).

As the language evolves, verbs as common as ir also change.

Battaner has explained the four new meanings: go as dressing in a certain way;

or said of a book or movie or book when wondering what it's about;

pretending an attitude: "She's going to be nice", or when attention is drawn to something: "Today is going to be scary".

The media have a lot of weight in changing the language, Battaner has had an impact, giving a couple of examples: the custom, especially on radio, of calling meteorological temperature mercury;

and that of calling modern musical compositions a theme.

Also about music is one of the modifications of the word cut, which incorporates a meaning relative to the compositions that are on a record.

Likewise, it adds others, such as the interruption in a television or radio broadcast for advertising;

the level among the classifieds of a contest to be selected: "The applicants did not pass the cut";

and the most veteran will remember it as "piece of ice cream that is cut from a bar and eaten between two cookies."

Battaner also recalled how they continue to search for words that, although they can be said, are not correct, as there are, of the verb to do, which has been consulted almost 7,000 times in a month, who knows why.

"It is an urban legend that

the wrong forms appear in the

But, be careful, there is a haiga, referring to the big and ostentatious automobile, a term that was more common in the fifties, especially for Indians who had arrived in Spain of whom it was said, with mockery and envy, that when they went to buying a car from a dealership they said, "I want the biggest car out there."

The congress of the language of Peru

The director of the RAE, Santiago Muñoz Machado, was asked during the presentation of the update of the

for the next congress of the Spanish language, which will be held at the end of March 2023 in Arequipa (Peru), given the convulsive political and country society.

"The congress is going ahead and it is not contemplated that it will not be held except for the political instability of the country. The situation is delicate and the Peruvian Government itself could decide not to hold it; or also the academies as a whole, with which we are in contact" .