The voices of the 'heralds of memory' as Liliana Segre calls them are less and less.
For personal reasons, the witnesses of the unspeakable are now very few.
There are those who have made the testimony of the extermination camp a life mission, a huge effort to devote to those who have not survived, publicly documenting that experience, experiencing the pain a thousand times over and then there are those who have tried to survive in silence.
For this reason, it is not easy to take into account who in Italy came out alive from Auschwitz-Birkenau and the other death chambers for the craziest of projects: the extermination of a 'race' and of those who were different - homosexuals, the disabled, the Roma - and political opponents.
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Stumbling blocks the largest widespread memorial to the Holocaust, now almost 100 thousand - Lifestyle
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On January 27, Remembrance Day, this harrowing plight of Holocaust survivors prompts an account of who is still there.
In Italy, alongside tireless people on the front lines like Segre, Sami Modiano, Edith Bruck, there are few others and it is right to talk about them too.
Then the books, the archives, the documentaries, the recorded testimonies will remain, in a sort of handover.
According to the analysis of the Union of Italian Jewish Communities and of the writer and historian Marcello Pezzetti, who takes care of the museum in Rome, the surviving Jews are now about ten.
They are joined by the very few survivors of non-Jewish ex-deportees, as recalled by Dario Venegoni, president of the ANED (National Association of Former Deportees in Nazi Camps).
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Here are the 17 names, 13 Jews, in a 'partial' list: SAMI MODIANO, 92 years old (from Rhodes to Birkenau at the age of 13. His story is in Walter Veltroni's book, Tana libera tutti);
EDITH BRUCK, 91 years old (writer, director of Hungarian origin, deported at the age of 13 first to Auschwitz and then to other extermination camps: Dachau, Christianstadt, finally Bergen Belsen);
LILIANA SEGRE, 92 years old (senator for life forced to live under guard due to racist threats, registration number 75190, of the 776 Italian children under the age of 14 who were deported to Auschwitz, she was among the 25 survivors of that time);
STELLA LEVI, as Sami Mondiano of the Italian community in Rhodes, who survived Auschwitz, will be 100 on May 4th;
ALBERTO ISRAEL, also from Rhodes, deported to Auschwitz, 95 years old;
the sisters of Fiume ANDRA AND TATIANA BUCCI, respectively 83 and 85 years old, witnesses of the most absurd horror, that of Mengele's experiments;
ARIANNA SZÖRÉNYI, 89, also from Fiume (registration number 89219, taken to Auschwitz and then to Bergen-Belsen from the Risiera di San Sabba at just 11 as she recounts in the book A little girl in Auschwitz, Mursia);
DIAMANTINA VIVANTE SALONICCHIO, 94 years old (born in Trieste in October 1928, survived Ravensbrück where she entered when she was only 10);
GOTI BAUER, 98 years old (birth name Agata Herskovitz, born in Czechoslovakia, detained in Fossoli, then deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau. Registration number A-5372, she has been an indefatigable witness of the Shoah for almost 30 years with the students of Milan where she lives) ;
GILBERTO SALMONI, 95 years old, honorary president of Aned Genova, active witness,
Jewish but deported at the age of 16 to Buchenwald, as a Catholic and with the red triangle of political dissidents;
STELLA DANA, Milanese, 95 years old, deported to the Bergen Belsen concentration camp;
HANNA KLUGER WEISS, born in Fiume, 94 years old, writer, friend of Goti Bauer, she lives in Israel where she runs a small Shoah museum.
And then again LOREDANA BULGARELLI, worker and partisan relay, 97 years old, former political deportee to Mauthausen, then to Auschwitz and finally to Flossenburg.
MICHELE MONTAGNANO, 101 years old, Italian soldier who refused to collaborate with Salò, ending up twenty years old in the Unterlüsspoi camp.
MIRELLA STANZIONE, 96 years old in March, anti-fascist family deported to Ravensbruck;
ELISEO MORO, 95 years old, partisan, survivor of the extermination camp of Dachau.
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as a Catholic and with the red triangle of political dissidents;
STELLA DANA, Milanese, 95 years old, deported to the Bergen Belsen concentration camp;
HANNA KLUGER WEISS, born in Fiume, 94 years old, writer, friend of Goti Bauer, she lives in Israel where she runs a small Shoah museum.
And then again LOREDANA BULGARELLI, worker and partisan relay, 97 years old, former political deportee to Mauthausen, then to Auschwitz and finally to Flossenburg.
MICHELE MONTAGNANO, 101 years old, Italian soldier who refused to collaborate with Salò, ending up twenty years old in the Unterlüsspoi camp.
MIRELLA STANZIONE, 96 years old in March, anti-fascist family deported to Ravensbruck;
ELISEO MORO, 95 years old, partisan, survivor of the extermination camp of Dachau.
(HANDLE).
as a Catholic and with the red triangle of political dissidents;
STELLA DANA, Milanese, 95 years old, deported to the Bergen Belsen concentration camp;
HANNA KLUGER WEISS, born in Fiume, 94 years old, writer, friend of Goti Bauer, she lives in Israel where she runs a small Shoah museum.
And then again LOREDANA BULGARELLI, worker and partisan relay, 97 years old, former political deportee to Mauthausen, then to Auschwitz and finally to Flossenburg.
MICHELE MONTAGNANO, 101 years old, Italian soldier who refused to collaborate with Salò, ending up twenty years old in the Unterlüsspoi camp.
MIRELLA STANZIONE, 96 years old in March, anti-fascist family deported to Ravensbruck;
ELISEO MORO, 95 years old, partisan, survivor of the extermination camp of Dachau.
(HANDLE).
HANNA KLUGER WEISS, born in Fiume, 94 years old, writer, friend of Goti Bauer, lives in Israel where she runs a small Shoah museum.
And then again LOREDANA BULGARELLI, worker and partisan relay, 97 years old, former political deportee to Mauthausen, then to Auschwitz and finally to Flossenburg.
MICHELE MONTAGNANO, 101 years old, Italian soldier who refused to collaborate with Salò, ending up twenty years old in the Unterlüsspoi camp.
MIRELLA STANZIONE, 96 years old in March, anti-fascist family deported to Ravensbruck;
ELISEO MORO, 95 years old, partisan, survivor of the extermination camp of Dachau.
(HANDLE).
HANNA KLUGER WEISS, born in Fiume, 94 years old, writer, friend of Goti Bauer, lives in Israel where she runs a small Shoah museum.
And then again LOREDANA BULGARELLI, worker and partisan relay, 97 years old, former political deportee to Mauthausen, then to Auschwitz and finally to Flossenburg.
MICHELE MONTAGNANO, 101 years old, Italian soldier who refused to collaborate with Salò, ending up twenty years old in the Unterlüsspoi camp.
MIRELLA STANZIONE, 96 years old in March, anti-fascist family deported to Ravensbruck;
ELISEO MORO, 95 years old, partisan, survivor of the extermination camp of Dachau.
(HANDLE).
then to Auschwitz and finally to Flossenburg.
MICHELE MONTAGNANO, 101 years old, Italian soldier who refused to collaborate with Salò, ending up twenty years old in the Unterlüsspoi camp.
MIRELLA STANZIONE, 96 years old in March, anti-fascist family deported to Ravensbruck;
ELISEO MORO, 95 years old, partisan, survivor of the extermination camp of Dachau.
(HANDLE).
then to Auschwitz and finally to Flossenburg.
MICHELE MONTAGNANO, 101 years old, Italian soldier who refused to collaborate with Salò, ending up twenty years old in the Unterlüsspoi camp.
MIRELLA STANZIONE, 96 years old in March, anti-fascist family deported to Ravensbruck;
ELISEO MORO, 95 years old, partisan, survivor of the extermination camp of Dachau.
(HANDLE).
