With Seiji Ozawa, one of the most charismatic conductors of the 20th century has just passed away on Tuesday February 6 at his home in Tokyo.
Even when his jet-black mop of hair had turned completely white, and his face resembled a wrinkled apple, it was still a fascinating sight to see him at the podium, dancing with a feline suppleness that made all the music he conducted a fascinating choreography.
In recent years, however, he had had to move further and further away from the stage, handicapped by esophageal cancer and then by several back operations, without ever having lost his optimism and his smile.
When he conducted, with or without a wand, since the day he forgot it at the hotel and realized that he felt very good with his bare hands, one was first struck by his incredible sense of direction. rhythm and its alchemy of instrumental colors.
Two essential qualities for directing French music, in which he excelled to the highest degree: Berlioz, Debussy, Ravel found a kindred spirit in him, just like Messiaen and Dutilleux, who had no better servant.
It is true that France is omnipresent in his journey.
The French school, its model
Born in 1935 in China to Japanese parents, he studied in Tokyo under the guidance of the great Hideo Saito, this genius pedagogue who dedicated his life to building classical musical life in Japan.
Saito had gone to study in Leipzig to penetrate the secrets of Bach's music, before returning to Tokyo where he brought in excellent European teachers: German for instruments, French for theory.
This is why Ozawa will always designate musical notes in the French style (do, re, mi) and not in the Anglo-Saxon style (a, b, c): his music theory teacher, Mme Isnard, came from the Paris Conservatory !
It was also in the capital that he perfected his skills under the chef Eugène Bigot, whom he called “Monsieur Métronome”, so demanding was he regarding regularity.
Also read: Seiji Ozawa: why I listen to music
From this time, he took as a model the speed of deciphering of French musicians, capable of reading a complex score very quickly: Ozawa declared that he could not have created, in 1983, Messiaen's
Saint-François d'Assise
in as little time without the reading facilities of the Paris Opera Orchestra.
France, again, would give him his first major reward, in 1959: first prize at the Besançon International Competition.
The opportunity to meet Charles Munch, who will remain his first mentor and model, the second being Karajan, who was always extremely paternal towards him.
Then conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, Munch brought him to Tanglewood, the orchestra's summer residence.
Ozawa seduces Americans without denying his French culture.
He was quickly appointed musical director of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra, where one of his first recordings was devoted to Messiaen's Turangalîla-Symphonie, then of the San Francisco Symphony.
Also read: Seiji Ozawa, master of time
A must-have at the Boston Symphony Orchestra
He was not yet 40 when he was named music director of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, one of the most prominent positions in American musical life.
Strong symbol: he takes the head of the phalanx of his master Charles Munch, whose French tradition is still very anchored, even in the composition of the orchestra, since key positions are still occupied by French people, like Roger Voisin at the trumpet.
Without denying the great classical repertoire, Ozawa, who was always more convincing in Ravel and Stravinsky than in Beethoven and Brahms, made Mahler one of his hobby horses and developed educational concerts on television.
Installed in Paris at the end of the 1950s, Seiji Ozawa won the Besançon International Conductors Competition in 1959.
Marcello Mencarini / Bridgeman Images
After difficult first years, he became indisputable in Boston to the point of remaining in his post for more than thirty years, even if it meant that the last years were years too many.
He himself admitted that the function of musical director was a very strong pressure, since it was he who was held responsible for the quality of the orchestra (at the end of his mandate, 75% of the musicians had been recruited by him).
The Boston musicians were perhaps jealous to see that they were no longer the first in Ozawa's heart, since the latter had founded the Saito Kinen Orchestra in 1984.
An orchestra originally made up of former students of Saito, but which has since become an annual meeting place for the diaspora of Japanese musicians stationed around the world, without excluding some major figures from Western orchestras, such as the clarinetist of the Berlin Philharmonic or the timpanist of the Boston Symphony, Vic Firth, who had promised Ozawa to remain active as long as him: he was still playing timpani at 75!
Japanese at heart
With this strong gesture, Ozawa demonstrated his commitment to developing musical life in Japan.
He, who had sometimes been criticized by his compatriots for pursuing a career abroad, but who had never spoken anything other than a very rough smattering of English, French and German, wanted to give his compatriots the benefit of experience acquired in the West.
In 1992, the Saiton Kinen Orchestra would find its summer home in Mastumoto, in the Japanese Alps, where Ozawa founded his own festival.
Soon, he also created the Mito Chamber Orchestra, the Opera Nomori company in Tokyo, as well as Ongaku Juku, a structure intended to introduce opera to children in China and Japan, and the International Music Academy in Switzerland , specializing in chamber music.
Also read: Intrepid Seiji Ozawa
In this last phase of his career, the position of musical director of the Vienna Opera, which he occupied from 2002 to 2010, gives the impression of more of a parenthesis: much loved by the Vienna Philharmonic since its beginnings in Salzburg , in 1969, he was not as naturally an opera conductor as a symphonic conductor, even if his appearances at the podium of the Paris Opera remain vivid memories.
Like his electrifying concerts with the Orchester national de France.
Also like a being who was not an intellectual, but radiated magnetism and kindness.
Always full of energy, he had to cancel more and more concerts to treat esophageal cancer.