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Adults can also get rubella - it is particularly dangerous during pregnancy

2024-02-22T11:45:07.730Z

Highlights: Adults can also get rubella - it is particularly dangerous during pregnancy. Rubella occurs mainly from late winter to early summer and is transmitted by the parvovirus B19. Similar to other childhood diseases, the infection occurs from person to person through droplet infection when sneezing, coughing or speaking. It can take one to two weeks from infection to outbreak of the disease. This usually results in the characteristic red skin rash, which first appears on the face and then on the arms and legs.



As of: February 22, 2024, 12:25 p.m

By: Jasmina Deshmeh

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Rubella is very contagious, but does not always cause symptoms.

The viral disease is particularly dangerous for pregnant women.

What needs to be taken into account.

Rubella is currently occurring more frequently in some federal states.

The health authorities are reporting many cases in daycare centers and schools, especially in Saarland and North Rhine-Westphalia.

The viral disease is usually harmless, but contrary to popular belief, it can also affect adults.

The disease is particularly dangerous for pregnant women up to the 20th week of pregnancy who have not yet had a rubella infection.

The viruses can pass to the unborn baby and lead to miscarriages and stillbirths, as the

Federal Ministry of Health

reports.

What is rubella?

Ringworms are also called “slap disease” because of their characteristic red cheeks (symbolic image).

© Pond5 Images/Imago

Rubella occurs mainly from late winter to early summer and is transmitted by the parvovirus B19.

Similar to other childhood diseases, such as hand-foot-mouth or scarlet fever, the infection occurs from person to person through droplet infection when sneezing, coughing or speaking.

It can take one to two weeks from infection to outbreak of the disease.

This usually results in the characteristic red skin rash, which first appears on the face and then on the arms and legs and is often confused with an allergic skin reaction.

According to the professional association of pediatricians and adolescent doctors (BVKJ),

further symptoms include

:

  • Feeling of tension and itching on the skin

  • Fever, chills

  • Muscle aches

  • Headache

  • In some cases: joint pain that lasts for weeks

Over time, the spots change into pale red ringlets, which give the disease its name, before the rash disappears.

The skin is often dry and flaky afterwards.

The rash can come back again under heat, stress or sun exposure.

Other patients, however, have no symptoms at all.

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Risk of infection before the first symptoms

Bei den meisten Menschen verlaufen Ringelröteln ohne Komplikationen. Da sich das Virus in den Vorläuferzellen der roten Blutkörperchen vermehrt und diese dabei zerstört, kann es zu einem vorübergehenden Blutmangel kommen, der sich nach der Infektion aber zurückbildet.

Gefährlich ist die Ansteckung hingegen für Schwangere, die nicht gegen Ringelröteln immun sind. Denn wie auch beim Rötelnvirus, kann das Parvovirus B19 auf den Fötus übergehen und ihn schwer schädigen. Und zwar auch dann, wenn die Schwangere keine Symptome hat. Hinzu kommt, dass Ringelröteln schon sehr ansteckend sind, bevor es zu ersten Krankheitszeichen kommt.

So können sich Schwangere schützen

In Deutschland haben nach Angaben des Berufsverbandes der Frauenärzte (BVF) 30 bis 40 Prozent der schwangeren Frauen keinen Schutz. Eine Impfung gegen Ringelröteln gibt es bislang nicht, nur die durchgemachte Infektion führt zu einer lebenslangen Immunität. Hatten schwangere Frauen Kontakt zu einer infizierten Person, rät die Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA), sich umgehend an einen Arzt zu wenden. Folgende Maßnahmen helfen außerdem dabei, das Risiko einer Ansteckung zu reduzieren:

  • Personen mit Ringelröteln und Einrichtungen mit Ringelrötelnfällen meiden
  • Regelmäßig die Hände gründlich mit Seife waschen
  • Sich nicht mit ungewaschenen Händen ins Gesicht fassen
  • Kein Essen und keine Getränke teilen
  • Kein Geschirr oder andere Utensilien teilen
  • Möglichst vor der Schwangerschaft testen lassen, ob ein Schutz vor Ringelröteln besteht

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet lediglich allgemeine Informationen zum jeweiligen Gesundheitsthema und dient damit nicht der Selbstdiagnose, -behandlung oder -medikation. Er ersetzt keinesfalls den Arztbesuch. Individuelle Fragen zu Krankheitsbildern dürfen von unserer Redaktion nicht beantwortet werden.

Source: merkur

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