Politics
Written by: Lin Jian
2020-01-21 00:42
Last updated: 2020-01-21 01:58In 2020, the political environment in Hong Kong is unpredictable, and it is unknown when the wave of demonstrations will end. Coincidentally, ten years ago was also a "problematic year" for Hong Kong's political situation. In the same year, anti-high-speed rail funding raised the atmosphere of youth social movement. In the same year, some members of the Democratic Party initiated the five district general speeches. Later, there were incidents such as "Yu Zengbian" and a sharp turn in the political reform. The only political reform passed. Part of the political events of that year has continued to this day.
"Hong Kong 01" interviewed a number of participants from the five districts in the year, and asked them to review the development of the political situation in the past ten years, reflecting the current situation. The first proponent of the five districts, "Long Mao" Liang Guoxiong, said that the "referendum in disguise" has always been an important political platform since his administration, and that if the entire democrats have kept up on that day, they will participate in the struggle for "double universal elections." The "referendum effect" that pressures those in power can emerge earlier, without having to wait for the 2019 District Council elections.
As for being accused of "harmonization and non-rationality" in the political spectrum in recent years, Liang Guoxiong emphasized that he has always believed that violence should not be the normal state of Hong Kong's democratic movement, because it cannot attract more support, and can only be used as a "midwife" when necessary. He succeeded in the battle. He also mentioned that he would not do anything for the political aura, so the outside world said that he was gradually losing the "radical aura", and he also thought there was no problem.
Tenth Anniversary of the Five Districts' Resignations-One of Three Interviews
"Disguised referendum" advocates dual universal suffrage
In 2009, the then-minded party of the then socialist party proposed a "referendum in disguised form in the five districts" to respond to political reform disputes through a single issue of by-elections, allowing citizens to publicly express their support for dual universal suffrage. The Citizen Party reached a consensus with the Social Democratic Party in September to join the operation; the Democratic Party and the People's Democratic Association did not participate. At the end of January 2010, five Democratic Legislative Councillors Chen Weiye, Liang Jiajie, Chen Shuzhuang, Huang Yumin, and Liang Guoxiong resigned, and the government held a by-election on May 16. However, under the strict criticism of the central government, the establishment faction, and the government ’s celebrity, the by-election turnout rate was only 17.1%, and five people returned to parliament without suspense.
On June 17 of the same year, the then Chief Executive Tsang Yam-kuen and Yu Ruowei, the spokesman of the "Five District Referendum," publicly debated the political reform, which aroused the attention of Hong Kong. In the other side, members of the Democratic Party who had not participated in the operation twice entered the China United Nations Office for negotiations. On June 21, the government revised the original political reform plan to include "District Council (Second)" in the District Council functional constituencies, which were elected by voters who do not have voting rights in other functional constituencies, which is the current " The number of Super District Council members increased from 800 to 1,200.
On June 24 and 25, the Chief Executive and the Legislative Council produced a method to amend the plan, which was passed by the Democratic Party and the ADPL and passed a two-thirds majority. A series of incidents also indirectly led to the subsequent split of the democratic parties. The radical factions led by the company of the people at the time violently attacked the Democratic Party, and subsequently spawned people's forces such as "voice, debt, repayment" and other actions.
At that time, Li Pengfei's opposition to the anti-order five district referendum initiative was watched
Liang Guoxiong recalled that in the early years of his political career in 2000, his political platform included a referendum to fight for universal suffrage. In an interview with Commercial Radio on New Year's Day in 2009, he mentioned this initiative again, but it was not a climate at that time; in the middle of that year, politicians in the Central Hong Kong meeting discussed the direction of the democratic movement. Li Pengfei, chairman of the Liberal Party founding party, heard the referendum in the five districts He was very opposed to the proposal and disclosed to the media that the proposal was only heeded. By September of that year, the Citizens Party had announced its participation, and it was only then "to make up for the five districts" before the general speech could be launched.
Chang Mao pointed out that since the turnout rate of the Legislative Council election was about 50%, even if the constitutional faction did not fight, if the democratic "one-man show" could combine all sectors to participate, it would push the overall turnout rate to more than 25%, even more than 100%. The support of 10,000 people is enough to reflect that more than half of the voters support double-elections. The public opinion message will be stronger: "In fact, this is a duel of public opinion. If you look at the effect of the current District Council election, Hong Kong people will use their votes to express their opinions. If the referendum of the five districts on that day, we estimate that the entire pan-people would do it together, not intending to have only the two parties, the Democratic Party and other sectors. In fact, the entire (democratic) large section and the other side face to face. Whether the other side (institutional side) should fight We don't know, but my thinking is that they should not fight. We have more than one million people coming out to vote. That is already a clear public opinion choice. "
The Pan-Democrats of the District Councils election last year adopted a "referendum card", emphasizing the single issue of "five major demands", attracting more than 70% of the voter turnout, and finally winning 60% of the votes, showing a strong public opinion base. Chang Mao believes that the idea of a referendum in disguise itself can be achieved in 2010, but the final turnout rate is indeed far from the original expectations. It can only be said that it is better than nothing. Although politically not, he still believes that if the number of voters reaches the standard, the development of the whole thing will be quite different.
The former chairman of the affiliate, Situ Hua, a Democratic veteran, died in January 2011. Long hair criticized him for "cancer on the brain" in 2010, which caused considerable controversy. (Profile picture / Reuters)
Responding to Stuart ’s "Cancer on Brain" Remarks: My relationship with Uncle Hua is not so bad
Another influence of the five districts' general speech was that the Democratic Party, which had not participated in the action, finally negotiated with the China United Nations Office for a super-regional plan, and then the democrats severely split. When Liang Guoxiong criticized the Democratic Party in the Legislative Council, he pointed out that the Democratic Party veteran Situ Hua, who opposed the general remarks and supported the political reform plan, "concerned about cancer", causing controversy.
Chang Mao pointed out that he did think that the incident of the day was to disperse part of the democratic political energy and turn it into a struggle between "persistence" and "compromise." When referring to the remarks about "Uncle Hua", he said that the context was that the Democratic Party decided to support the super-zone plan in a short time. Situ Hua also said that if the party members did not support it, he could choose to resign from the party. And have the above offensive remarks. He emphasized that he and Uncle Hua were not as discordant as the outside world said: "In fact, my relationship with Situ Hua is not so bad. I am one of the people who often talk to him because most of us will be in the affiliate association. Meet at the event. "
Chang Mao believes that the division of the democrats long before the remarks, the five districts have resigned, and it is inevitable. However, he acknowledged that it is possible that some of the remarks in the process would make the other party or its supporters uncomfortable, thereby turning political disputes into private complaints.
In the 2019 District Council elections, the Democrats adopted a "referendum card", emphasizing the five major demands, sweeping more than 80% of the seats. (Profile picture)
On the "radical" spectrum: violence cannot attract more people to participate
Ten years ago, Liang Guoxiong was considered to be the most radical figure in politics and made many enemies within the democratic camp. During the Umbrella Movement in 2014, young contenders began to criticize him for opposing the occupation of the road, which is behind the times. In the 2016 Legislative Council election, he was obliged to assist the election of a number of East New Territories pan Ambassador candidates and won praise among Pan Ambassador supporters. The later "brave martial arts" and local factions will reversely refer to long-haired "harmonious non-rationalization". The former "radical" halo has been burned out.
Liang Guoxiong said that his philosophy has never changed, and that he must be careful about using violence. During the parachute transport in 2014, he believed that if there was not enough capacity to hold it, he should not rashly occupy the road, otherwise more people would be arrested and the original purpose would not be achieved. His idea is that violence cannot be used as a non-normal means. It can only be a revolutionary "midwife" or "midwife". Push it when necessary, because violence itself cannot breed revolution and attract more people. participate.
As for the "halo", Chang Mao said that he would certainly hope that more people would support his actions, but the halo was given by others, and that was the decision of others, and he couldn't control it: "I would never be for the halo. work."
In 2010, the Social Democratic Party and the Citizens Party launched a five-zone general speech calling on voters to vote, with the slogan "Hope has arrived, and change is only one vote away." (Photo of Sheminlian Website)
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