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Written by: Ni Qingjiang
2020-04-04 04:56
Date of last update: 2020-04-04 04:56The new coronavirus pneumonia is raging all over the world. People in Hong Kong and Singapore wear masks and are described as a "good recipe" for suppressing proliferation. A collaborative study between the Li Ka Shing School of Medicine at the University of Hong Kong and The University of Maryland showed that masks can completely block patients from releasing seasonal coronavirus (non-new coronavirus) through droplets and aerosols (aerosols). Effectively reduce the release of influenza virus, but the effect of blocking rhinovirus is not obvious.
The research results have been published in the academic journal Nature Medicine. The researchers pointed out that seasonal coronaviruses are similar to new coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2), but the academic community still needs to further investigate whether masks can effectively reduce the spread of new coronaviruses.
The research team recruited 246 patients suspected of being infected with respiratory viruses and collected breath samples from these patients through a special instrument (Gesundheit II) to compare the virus content in breath samples after wearing surgical masks and not wearing surgical masks. (Picture of Li Ka Shing Hospital, HKU)
Collect patient breath samples for virus testing
The research team of the School of Public Health of the Hong Kong University School of Medicine recruited 246 patients suspected of being infected with respiratory viruses to collect the breath samples of these patients through a special device (Gesundheit II) to compare the breath samples after wearing surgical masks and not wearing surgical masks. The virus content in the. During the research process, the research team provided all participants with uniform surgical masks and confirmed that the participants had worn the masks correctly.
The hospital pointed out that past studies have shown that respiratory virus (including coronavirus) infections are mainly spread through close contact. However, there is no direct data showing how influenza and coronavirus spread in close range, such as through direct contact, large respiratory droplets, or inhalation of the patient's exhaled air.
Respiratory viruses can also survive in the environment, and therefore may cause indirect contact transmission. Large droplets will soon fall to the ground near the source of infection, and finer droplets or exhaled particles (aerosols) can also carry viruses and cause close-range transmission. In addition, since aerosols can stay in the air for a long time and may float for a long distance, if the concentration of viruses in the aerosol is high or the environment is not well ventilated, it may cause long-distance transmission.
Research results: 11 people wearing masks did not release seasonal coronavirus
Although the use of masks is often regarded as a means to slow the spread of influenza virus, the hospital pointed out that at present scholars know very little about the importance of using masks to reduce the spread of other respiratory viruses (including seasonal coronavirus).
The results of the study showed that in the test of seasonal coronavirus patients, in the group without the mask, 3 droplet samples were positive, accounting for 30% of the 10 samples; but in the group with the mask, 11 samples were all Negative, that is, no virus can be detected. The aerosol detection situation was similar. Four samples in the maskless group were positive, with a rate of 40%. On the contrary, all 11 samples in the mask group were negative.
In the test of influenza virus patients, 6 out of 23 samples without masks were positive, 23% were positive, which was much higher than only 4% with mask wearing group and 1 sample was positive. However, in terms of blocking rhinovirus, the performance of the two is not obvious. Wearing a mask fails to effectively prevent the spread of rhinovirus.
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University of Hong Kong: Reflect that wearing a mask can slow the spread of the virus
Research assistant professor Liang Xiaoya of the School of Public Health pointed out that among 111 patients with coronavirus, influenza virus or rhinovirus, masks can reduce the amount of seasonal coronavirus in respiratory droplets and aerosols of patients, and the amount of influenza virus in respiratory droplets of patients . In contrast, surgical masks did not reduce the amount of rhinovirus released.
According to the hospital, the new coronavirus is similar to the seasonal coronavirus, and the virus size may also be similar. Professor Gao Ben'en, director of the Epidemiology and Biostatistics Division of the School of Public Health, School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong Medical School and co-director of the WHO Collaborating Center for Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, said that surgical masks can reduce the amount of seasonal coronavirus in respiratory droplets and aerosols in patients, It is reflected that if a patient wears a mask, it can help slow the spread of the new coronavirus.
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