How much do the two associations know? How does the prime minister ’s work report relate to Hong Kong?

Political situation

Author: Zhai Ruimin

2020-05-18 07:00

The National People's Congress and the National People's Congress will start on the 21st, and the National People's Congress will open on the 23rd. The two sessions will end on the 27th and 29th, which is a week shorter than the usual session. I believe many people still have a lot of questions about the two associations. In this regard, "Hong Kong 01" summarizes the basic common knowledge about the National People's Congress and the CPPCC. What does the two associations far away in Beijing have to do with the development of Hong Kong?

▼ What are the two sessions? ▼

The two conferences refer to the National People ’s Congress and the National Committee of the Chinese People ’s Political Consultative Conference , that is, the “National People ’s Congress” and the “National Committee of the Chinese People ’s Political Consultative Conference” , which are often heard at the same time in early March each year. For the "two sessions of the country."

However, due to the impact of the new coronary pneumonia epidemic, the rare extension of the "two sessions" this year was delayed from the original beginning of March for more than 2 months. This is the first time since the 1990s.

National People's Congress meeting

The National People ’s Congress is the highest state authority, consisting of 32 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, two special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macao, and 35 delegations elected by the People ’s Liberation Army. A total of 36 deputies to the National People ’s Congress of the Minato District were elected by an election meeting composed of the Minato CPPCC National Committee and the Chief Executive Election Committee.

The main functions and powers of the National People ’s Congress include: electing or deciding to appoint and remove members of the Standing Committee of the National People ’s Congress, the country ’s chairman and vice-chairmen, leading members of the State Council, etc .; deciding on major national issues, such as national economic and social development plans; amending the Constitution, making laws, etc . At the National People's Congress meeting, the National People's Congress deputies will review the country's bills and government governance, but in fact major national affairs and national policies are first decided by the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China.

Deputies to the National People ’s Congress may jointly name 30 or more, or submit a bill to the General Assembly in the name of a delegation concerning the content requiring legislation or amendment. The bill will have legal effect once passed.

National Committee Meeting of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference

The National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference is an important organization of "multi-party cooperation and political consultation" led by the Communist Party of China. It is composed of parties, groups, and people of all ethnic groups. The members of the CPPCC are mostly officials, celebrities, experts, or scholars who have retired to the second line. The chief executives Dong Jianhua and Liang Zhenying were appointed vice-chairmen of the CPPCC after leaving office. A total of 124 members of the CPPCC National Committee of the Hong Kong District are directly appointed by the CPPCC National Committee and form a group of "specially invited Hong Kong people" to enjoy special treatment such as the issuance of China-Hong Kong license plates, special passages for entry and exit, and passages for VIP lounges at the airport. Central leaders also usually meet with the Minato CPPCC during the two sessions.

The duties of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference are to consult on important issues such as political, economic, social, and cultural issues of the country or region, to supervise the work of national policies and government leaders, and to reflect social conditions and public opinion. The difference between the CPPCC and the National People's Congress is that although the CPPCC can attend the NPC meetings, it can only put forward opinions and suggestions, not vote and make resolutions; the proposals submitted are only recommendations, embodying the form of democratic supervision and not legally binding.

[National Two Sessions] New arrangements for the National People's Congress meeting under the epidemic situation: the duration of the meeting is shortened, and foreign journalists are not invited

【Two National Conferences】 The Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting to discuss government work

【Two National Conferences】 Residence exposure: temperature measurement at the entrance, nucleic acid sampling site on behalf of the committee

【Two National Congresses】 The National People's Congress: Proper postponement of the National People's Congress is in line with the principles and spirit of the Constitution

▼ Focus on the two sessions: Prime Minister's Government Work Report ▼

Every year, the National People's Congress will review the "Government Work Report" submitted by the State Council and read by the Premier of the State Council at the meeting. The report summarizes the work results of the past year and plans the direction of development for the coming year. The report is drafted by the government agencies at all levels and submitted to the government leaders for review. The Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China will convene a meeting to discuss the content of the report before the two sessions.

The report structure is divided into three parts, one is the review of work over the past year, such as the completion of indicators such as economy, social undertakings, and labor; the second is the task of the year, the work plan and goals for the coming year; the third is the government ’s own construction, including Work measures to be implemented in the government's internal functions, democratization, administration according to law, and political style construction.

After listening to the report, the deputies to the National People's Congress and CPPCC members will be divided into several groups according to regions or industries to conduct group discussions and deliberations, and put forward opinions and suggestions. At a later meeting of the People ’s Congress, the Bureau will review the report and form a review opinion to the government. The working report must be attended by all the members when voting. Last year's report was passed with 945 votes in favor, 0 votes against, and 3 abstentions.

The report will include Hong Kong and Macao every year. Although little is written about it, the subtle changes between the lines are often closely related to the current political situation in Hong Kong, and they will enlighten the policy guidelines for the coming year.

In the 2019 work report, Li Keqiang called on Hong Kong and Macao to "seize the major opportunities for the joint construction of the" Belt and Road "and the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area", and delete the word "promoting democracy", meaning that the Lin Zheng government has a great chance not to Will promote political reform. However, in the second half of 2019, the situation in Hong Kong has changed, and as the anti-revision laws become more intense, it is expected that the central government's policy toward Hong Kong will become tougher. This year's work report is also expected to see signs.

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2020 NPC and CPPCC CPPCC National People's Congress