Political situation
Author: Zhai Ruimin
2020-05-21 20:30
Last update date: 2020-05-21 20:30Article 23 of the Basic Law has been stranded since 2003, and every time it is mentioned, it will touch the nerves of Hong Kong people. Although the current chief executive, Lin Zhengyue, has repeatedly emphasized the timing of the review and created an appropriate legislative environment, only 23 articles have been relaunched. However, in addition to the intensification of social conflicts caused by the anti-amendment laws, the CCP's approach to Hong Kong has become tougher, and the voice of re-promoting legislation has gradually emerged.
"Hong Kong 01" received news that the agenda of this year's National People's Congress included a brand-new "Hong Kong version of the National Security Law", which blocked the loopholes in Hong Kong's national security, and was put into effect in Annex III of the Basic Law in Hong Kong, but the news emphasized that it was not Article 23 of the Basic Law. legislation. Reporter 01 sorted out 23 articles of past and present life, and let readers review the origin of 23 pieces of legislation and the controversy.
In 1990, the National People's Congress passed the Basic Law, Article 23 of which required the SAR to "enact legislation on its own." (Profile picture)
In 1990, the National People ’s Congress passed the Basic Law, Article 23 of which required the SAR to “self-legislate”, prohibiting seven acts, including treason, splitting the country, inciting rebellion, subverting the Central People ’s Government, stealing state secrets, foreign political organizations or groups in Special districts carry out political activities, and political organizations or groups in the special zone establish contact with foreign political organizations or groups.
In 2002, Qian Qichen, the then Vice Premier of the State Council, delivered a speech, hoping that Hong Kong would implement 23 pieces of legislation as soon as possible. In September of the same year, the Special Administrative Region Government under the leadership of the then Chief Executive Dong Jianhua issued the "Consultation Document on the Implementation of Article 23 of the Basic Law", suggesting that the relevant provisions dispersed in the law should be extracted and concentrated, and then rewritten into a "National Security Law". There are five crimes included in the laws of Hong Kong, including treason, separatist behavior, incitement to rebellion, subversion of the state, and theft of state secrets, making clear and clear legislation.
After the consultation, the content of the dispute was not changed and submitted to the Legislative Council for consideration
As soon as the document came out, it caused a backlash in society, and worried that the human rights and freedoms that Hong Kong people have always suffered have been hit. Some people in the legal profession believe that the definition of a crime is ambiguous, and some people are worried that they will be guilty of words. During the consultation, the then Secretary of Security Ye Liu Shuyi held a number of university seminars, but claimed to be supported by the majority of the public. It is expected that the legislation will be launched in July of the following year, and more controversial statements will be exploded, such as "Hitra is democratic The election came to power, and Qu kills 7 million Jews. ”He eventually cancelled the remaining seminars on the grounds of busy official duties.
The Bar Association and the Law Society of Hong Kong recommended that the government first publish a "white draft" as a basis for consultation, and use the preliminary drafts of black and white text to explain specific legislative proposals to the public, but was refuted by Ye Liu as "a taxi driver, restaurant waiter, McDonald's." Will the waiter discuss it with me one by one (draft)? "In December of the same year, 60,000 people took to the streets and 190,000 citizens signed an agreement against the legislation, but the government ignored the public opinion and gazetted the National Security (Legislative Provisions) Ordinance in February of the following year "Draft", the content of the draft is similar to the consultation document, and then submitted to the Legislative Council to formally start the legislative process.
500,000 people broke records to protest Dong Jianhua's final withdrawal of the draft
In March 2003, the SARS outbreak broke out in Hong Kong, and the 23 legislative procedures were not slowed down. The National Security Law Bill Committee, chaired by the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong, started a total of 63 hours of deliberations. On June 23 of the same year, the WHO officially delisted Hong Kong's epidemic port. The Civil Human Rights Front immediately launched the July 1st parade with the theme of "Against 23 Articles of Legislation." The government did not pay attention to it. "Participate as an event."
On July 1, more than half a million citizens took to the streets to support, and Dong Jianhua made "three major concessions" on Article 23 on the 5th, including deleting the clause that can ban subordinate organizations in the mainland, adding public interest defense reasons, and canceling the police's right to search the house , But still insist on legislation as scheduled. On July 6, the Liberal Party Tian Beijun resigned from the Executive Council, opposed the government's hasty legislation, and made it impossible for the Ordinance to get enough votes in the Legislative Council. The government finally announced in the early hours of July 7 that it would postpone the second reading of the draft indefinitely, and announced on September 5 that it would withdraw the "National Security (Legislative Provisions) Bill", promising to do a good job in economics before the society reached a consensus before making legislation .
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After the anti-revision example, 23 voices were pushed back gradually. Luo Huining predicted to activate the law
For more than ten years since then, there have been occasional reports that the government wants to relaunch 23 articles. However, the government has always emphasized the need to review the situation and find a good environment and conditions before it can be implemented. The central government ’s policy of governing Hong Kong has also turned to focus on economic development. In June 2019, the anti-revision laws became turbulent, and peaceful demonstrations gradually evolved into fierce police-civilian conflicts. Many countries in the West also made repeated voices on this. For example, the United States intervened to announce the adoption of the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act, which caused a high degree of vigilance from the central government. . The Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office and the Liaison Office of the People ’s Republic of China have changed their positions. In addition to issuing a statement criticizing the election of the Legislative Council ’s House Committee, the newly appointed director of the Liaison Office, Luo Huining, also delivered a speech, saying that Hong Kong ’s system of maintaining national security is not perfect and will become fatal at a critical moment. Hidden dangers, we must work hard and "activate the law" at the level of the legal system and enforcement mechanism as soon as possible, so that the community doubts that it is paving the way for 23 legislations.
It is reported that a spokesperson for the National People's Congress will announce tonight that the new "Hong Kong version of the National Security Law" will be implemented in Hong Kong through Annex 18 of Article 18 of the Basic Law to plug Hong Kong's national security loopholes.
[01 Exclusive] The National People's Congress announced the "Hong Kong version of the National Security Law" tonight
[Two sessions 2020] Xia Baolong meets with members of the port area tonight to deliver 23 legislative messages
Article 23 of the Basic Law of the 2020 Two Sessions and Two Sessions