[New Coronary Pneumonia] 4 mutations caused by virus mutation damage brain and airborne Harvard experts

health

Written by: Liao Qingxia

2020-07-13 14:57

The third wave of the new crown epidemic broke out. Symptoms included fever, cough or even only mild symptoms, or patients with no symptoms. The increase in the number of cases at the source is worrying. Experts described the situation as "serious" for the first time. In fact, the new corona virus has changed since it first appeared. Many studies have mentioned that the virus has become terrible, and it should not be taken lightly when it comes to epidemic prevention.

The number of local cases of new pneumonia infection continues to rise. Zhang Zhujun, director of the Department of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Protection, Department of Health, described the situation as "out of control" and bluntly stated that the epidemic was "seeing that the situation at home is not easy to stop." Liang Zhuowei, Dean of the School of Medicine at the University of Hong Kong, described it a few days ago. "This is the first time this is really serious." It also means that the virus has undergone genetic mutation.

Related article: New Coronary Pneumonia | Liang Zhuowei: The virus has been genetically modified. A patient can infect up to 4 people

As the epidemic escalates and cases of infection continue, how has the virus become? (According to the picture):

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1) Brain complications

In patients with new pneumonia, severe cases have pulmonary fibrosis. Once pulmonary fibrosis, the road to recovery is not easy. Some patients have impaired lung function after discharge from the hospital. They also feel shortness of breath when walking fast. Some people's lung function drops by 20% to 30%. However, some experts found that the virus is now more harmful to the brain and even stroke.

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A study published in the journal "Brain" in July pointed out that the new coronavirus will cause mild patients, or patients who are recovering, to have brain diseases, including stroke and nerve damage.

The researchers pointed out that unforeseen brain complications caused by the virus, even mild or only mild pneumonia, can have serious complications. When the brain and nerves are attacked, the following four problems may occur:

• Stroke

When a blood clot or thrombosis occurs in a patient's blood, ischaemic strokes may occur.

• Peripheral neurological disorders

After being attacked by a virus, the immune system may attack the nerves; the patient may develop neuropathy or cause symptoms such as pain and numbness.

• Encephalitis

There have been at least 9 cases in the UK, all of whom have acute diffuse encephalomyelitis (acute disseminated encephalomyelitis) and are in danger of life.

• Delirium

The new coronavirus may cause delirium in patients and impair cognitive function; mental illness and memory disorders may also occur.

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2) Higher transmission rate

Liang Zhuowei said when attending the radio program on July 11 that due to the genetic variation of the virus, the current spread rate of the virus in Hong Kong has exceeded 3, or even nearly 4, representing that an infected person can transmit the virus to 3 to 4 people at most ; Even more so than before the New Han Dynasty was closed, Hong Kong began to truly continue its local outbreak.

Related article: New Coronary Pneumonia | Liang Zhuowei: The virus has been genetically modified. A patient can infect up to 4 people

The research in the scientific journal "Cell" also suggests that the spread of the virus will accelerate. The researchers analyzed 999 confirmed patients hospitalized in the United Kingdom. The virus samples found that the infectivity of a new coronavirus G614 that was mutated was 3 to 9 times stronger than the original virus strain D614; the patient's upper respiratory tract, such as nose and throat, etc. The amount of virus is also greater and the rate of reproduction is faster.

3) The virus stays in the air

In addition to spreading through droplets, New Coronary Pneumonia also spreads through the air. Coupled with the fact that there are not many invisible patients in the community or around them, in the space where the air is not circulating, if you don't care, the chance of recruiting will increase greatly.

The New York Times reported that many studies pointed out that in a crowded indoor environment, the new coronavirus can also survive in the space for several hours and may infect others.

A total of 239 scientists from 32 countries said in an open letter to the WHO that they pointed out that smaller particles are also at risk of infection. Regardless of the large droplets produced by sneezing or the much smaller exhaled droplets, the virus can be transmitted through the air. People in the same space may have an infection after inhalation. Scientists say that many studies have shown that even tiny breathing droplets may still float in the air for a long time, or even float for a few distances. If the spaces in the community, buses, etc. are poorly ventilated, the situation becomes quite dangerous, even if the citizens keep a distance of six feet from each other.

Aalto University in Finland published a study in April, using 3D animation to simulate the scene of a new coronary pneumonia patient coughing in a supermarket. The study found that simulated virus droplets less than 20 microns will spread away, as far as 2 apart It takes about 6 minutes for supermarket shelves to slowly disperse.

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In many cases in Hong Kong, including restaurant groups or taxi groups, the epidemic situation has become severe, and staying in similar sealed or airless spaces has correspondingly more risks. There are more gatherings or activities, and everyone needs to improve vigilance.

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Harvard experts teach you 5 tips for epidemic prevention

The virus has become more terrible, and everyone should not be taken lightly on the epidemic prevention. How to do a good job in epidemic prevention is not heard by everyone. The opinions of Harvard-level experts, you may wish to refer to (according to the picture):

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1) Do not touch the face and eyes with your hands

If you are forced to remove your gloves to shake hands or eat in a social connection, remember not to touch your face or eyes. In addition, before putting on the gloves again, wash hands with liquid soap and water.

2) Change the mask regularly

Most masks will become bad after being worn once or twice. Repeated use of the same mask for many days is worse than a completely useless mask, because the inside of the mask is already covered with secretions from the mouth and nose, and may have a odor, which is more conducive to the growth of bacteria.

You should stay away from the crowd and keep a distance of at least half a meter and about 1.5 feet with others; avoid shaking hands or embracing others.

3) Be careful with door handles

Be careful with the door handle. Try to open and close the door with your elbows or shoulders. If you want to turn the door handle, you can wear gloves or wash your hands immediately after contact. In addition, pay attention to stair handrails, desktops, mobile phones, toys and computers, and all objects touched by hand. Remember to wash your hands after contact and disinfect them regularly. If you touch other people's objects, do not touch your face and wash your hands immediately.

4) Use public chopsticks

When eating with other people, use chopsticks to get the food you want. Everyone should only use personal tableware to eat food on their plates. Don’t share the same cup with others, or share the same drink. Between meals, dishes and food should be thoroughly washed, and restaurants with poor hygiene should be avoided.

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Everyone must work together to fight against the epidemic in order to effectively prevent the epidemic from spreading further and reduce the risk of community outbreaks!

(Source: "The New York Times", "Cell", "Brain", "New England Medical Journal", "Foreign Policy")

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