From Spain, it is now rampant across Europe: "20A.EU1", a variant of Sars-CoV-2.
New study from Basel gives us food for thought: Was it fatal to relax travel restrictions?
In the summer, researchers * in
Spain discovered
a
new variant
of Sars-CoV-2.
If you believe a new study, the
coronavirus *
variant was introduced
to other countries
by
tourism
.
Was it
too fast and too easy to open borders
in
Europe
?
Basel - Adapt or become extinct: Like other
viruses
,
Sars-CoV-2 is also
constantly
evolving
.
Scientists
around the
world are researching
the mutations of the
coronavirus *
and have already found thousands of
different variants
in the genome of the pathogen, hundreds of them are also rampant in
Europe
- some of them are spreading faster, others are ebbing away.
Not only the relaxed
contact
restrictions
in summer favored infections with the
coronavirus *
within the countries
, especially
travelers
were able
to bring
the
virus
- and its variations -
home with them after
the
borders were opened
.
As researchers at the
University of Basel have
now discovered, this is precisely
how
a
virus mutation
that originated in
Spain
in the summer could
reach
other parts of
Europe
.
Due to the
tourism
in summer, the variant is
20A.EU1
in many other countries
of Europe
well represented today, suggests the Swiss scientists to
Emma Hodcroft
, now a study has published.
Together with her team,
Hodcroft
analyzed
virus genome
sequences
from
Covid 19 patients
from all over Europe * in order to
pinpoint the pathways
of
the new variant.
If the study is to be
believed
,
20A.EU1
first appeared in the summer in
north-eastern Spain
among farm workers.
From there, the
virus mutation
must have
passed on to the broader population of the country and, after
the travel ban was abolished in July,
finally reached other countries in
Europe
and the world
through travelers
.
According to the study,
20A.EU1
still
determines
around 80 percent of the
virus sequences
in Spain.
Coronavirus: From Spain to all of Europe - is 20A.EU1 more infectious than other variants?
In a press release the
University of Basel
and
shares
Hodcroft
with that one now said variant - at different times - in twelve other countries
in Europe
and also in
Hong Kong
and
New Zealand
could prove.
With around 90 percent of the
virus sequences
, the "introduced" variant
20A.EU1
is even more represented
in the
United Kingdom
than in Spain itself. In
Ireland it
was found to be 60 percent, in
Switzerland
and the
Netherlands
30 to 40 percent each.
It is also found in
Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Latvia, Norway
and
Sweden
.
The spread of 20A.EU1 shows how a series of failures in # SARSCoV2 measures likely led to its dominance: high prevalence in Spain, ineffective travel screening / quarantine, & insufficient control of transmission of variants brought back to 'home' countries.
12/16 pic.twitter.com/EKzryWXXqm
- Dr Emma Hodcroft (@ firefoxx66) October 29, 2020
But what makes
20A.EU1
so special?
The variation is characterized by changes in the
amino acid sequences in the spike, nucleocapsid and ORF14 proteins of
the virus.
As
Spektrum.de
explains, the
spike protein
helps
the virus to penetrate the cells.
The
researchers have not yet been able to answer the
question of whether the
mutations
in
question
change this ability - this type of
corona infection
is more infectious than others, for example.
However, one could
suspect
this due to the strong spreading
tendencies
of
20A.EU1
.
In fact, it is more than difficult to determine whether the virus variant spreads faster and more easily than others.
As
Spektrum
describes, other mechanisms can ensure that over time a
mutation variant
predominates - for example so-called
founder effects
.
At a certain point in time, a variant could have been introduced only slightly more often than other currently rampant variants for various reasons.
However, since
Sars-CoV-2 in
particular
is known for the fact that only a small number of
infected people
cause
a large part of the
new infections
*, mere coincidence could have ensured that certain
virus sequences were found
conspicuously often in
infected people
to date
.
Virologists at the University of Basel: Corona mutation 20A.EU1 apparently no more dangerous than other variants
In
any case, the
current state of science
is that none of the thousands of
mutations in Sars-CoV-2
has significantly influenced
the course of the
coronavirus pandemic
.
"It is important to note that there is currently no indication that the spread of the new variant is based on a mutation that increases transmission or influences the course of the disease,"
Hodcroft
therefore explicitly
emphasizes
.
20A.EU1
is not the only variant that is currently being used in Europe, explains
Richard Neher
from the
University of Basel,
the author of the study, and notes that in other countries completely different variants are responsible for the increase in the number of
infections
.
Video: Serious mutation in the coronavirus?
Virologist sees clear clue
Hodcroft
knows about the difficult topic that the study will put up for
discussion
again
: Nobody wants complete
border closings
or strict
travel restrictions
, according to the virologist.
But the analysis shows that the measures in the summer were not sufficient to stop the spread of the virus and new
virus variants
.
(cos) * Merkur.de is part of the Ippen-Digital network.