He entertains by the fireside in his office in Place Beauvau, but the situation in France does not, however, inspire relaxation.
In less than three months, Gérald Darmanin, the Minister of the Interior, had to face three attacks: in front of the former premises of Charlie Hebdo in Paris (XI), in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine (Yvelines) then in Nice (Alpes-Maritimes).
He is also struggling abroad to manage to send back to their countries of origin dozens of radicalized foreigners whom France wishes to deport.
This Saturday again, the minister met with the police unions to present them the white paper on internal security, which aims to build security for the 21st century and of which he presents us the main avenues exclusively.
All while the security forces are trying their best to enforce confinement, and are, according to him, not sufficiently protected from Internet abuses.
RADICALIZATION AND TERRORISM
You come back from a series of trips abroad (Morocco, Russia, Algeria, Tunisia) where it was about the famous consular passes, these documents without which expulsions are impossible.
Why is it still blocking?
I travel to Europe to reach with our European partners a common position on the control of our external borders at the request of the President of the Republic.
And I have made trips outside the Union, like the ones you mention, where it is a question of fighting terrorism, improving our cooperation in matters of intelligence and obtaining the return of foreigners to their country of origin. in an irregular situation, especially if they are radicalized.
We cannot speak of a blocked situation.
This is not true.
Since 2017, 471 radicalized foreigners have been returned.
No president has done as much as Emmanuel Macron.
When I arrived at the Ministry of the Interior, there were still 231 foreigners in an irregular situation and being followed on suspicion of radicalization.
Since then, we have expelled 48 of them, including 30 over the past three weeks, in an exceptional health context, with certain air spaces closed.
50 were placed in administrative detention centers and 40 placed under house arrest, awaiting deportation.
Of the 231, more than half are therefore out of harm's way.
And the others ?
We are working on it at the request of the Prime Minister.
They are not deported for three reasons.
About ten of them have the Covid and will naturally be as soon as their health situation allows.
Others require that we verify their identity, that we make sure that they are really Russians or Algerians as they say for example.
We then look in the files, we carry out acts of investigation, we seek an asylum application.
We also bring in delegations from abroad to identify their origins.
Finally, there is the category of those who cannot be sent back because their countries are at war: Syria or Libya.
And they are many !
But all are under very close surveillance.
What was the attitude of the Algerian authorities?
I met the Prime Minister, the Minister of Foreign Affairs and the Interior.
I thank them for their cooperation.
Algeria is a great country dear to my heart.
They clearly told me that the nationals who were under their responsibility would be taken back on condition that it was their nationals, which is understandable.
Moreover, following my various trips, there have already been a number of expulsions ...
The family of Samuel Paty's assassin, Russians of Chechen origin, had obtained political asylum in France in 2011 ... Is asylum too misguided?
Our government's migration policy is anything but lax.
It is even harder than that of our predecessors.
Last year, out of 133,000 requests, 100,000 were refused.
In reality, few are those who obtain the right of asylum.
I also gave clear instructions to the prefectures, by an instruction of September 29.
We will refuse asylum to anyone who has committed acts of delinquency.
Likewise, any person who seriously disturbs public order should not be able to renew their resident card.
Finally, we have noticed that people who have the right of asylum in France sometimes come back to Russia for holidays.
You have to be consistent.
If you are chased, you don't go back to your country.
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Was there a breach in the services in the case of Abdouallakh Anzorov, the assassin of Samuel Paty?
No.
It must be understood that we are facing a new phenomenon: people who are radicalized extremely quickly.
In a few months.
This was not the case during the 2015 attacks. And they do so under pressure from Islamist pharmacies and militant associations.
Today, the services do not have the legislative means to fight against this.
On October 12, territorial intelligence had drafted a note explaining that Abdelhakim Sefrioui, who claimed to be an imam which is false, and the father of a student had gone to pressure the principal of the college, saying that they did not want to not that we teach freedom of speech.
However, at present, the law does not prohibit that one can refuse to be treated by a woman in a public health service for religious reasons.
It does not prohibit a woman refusing to answer a man in a civil status department of a town hall.
You can upload a video against a teacher without being sued.
Community pressure on public services and the posting of the fatwa against Samuel Paty physically armed the Chechen terrorist.
Will this change?
The law reinforcing the republican principles, known as separatism, will give rise to new criminal charges that we have drawn up with Éric Dupond-Moretti.
It will be presented on December 9.
It will penalize any communitarian pressure on the public service.
You will no longer be able to publish online content that endangers others, whether physical or psychological, by giving the name, first name, profession, address of a person.
A fear surrounds the imminent release from prison of many prisoners convicted of acts linked to terrorism ...
Since 2015, 150 detainees convicted of terrorism for being linked to terrorists have been released.
83 were released in 2020, 12 will be released by the end of the year.
There are then 64 releases scheduled for 2021, 46 in 2022 and 33 in 2023. Solutions exist to keep these people under surveillance.
In addition, a law must be passed to give us the weapons in order to continue to monitor these people when they are French while respecting the rule of law.
We cannot lock up people who have served their sentence, but if they remain dangerous.
We have to watch them closely.
As for foreigners, they must be expelled.
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THE FUTURE OF THE POLICE
"You have to make your real work as a cop, that of the investigation". / LP / Delphine Goldsztejn
Will the release of the white paper on security, often postponed due in particular to the Covid, lead to a reorganization of the police, and more particularly the police?
The essential subject is that of safety in the street.
Second, that of controlling our borders, to fight against drugs and illegal immigration.
To be more effective, coordination between the various services must be improved: public security (SP), border police (PAF), judicial police in particular.
We need a simplification of the orders given, a coherence of command and the accountability of the appointed officials.
I want a single departmental directorate of the national police in each department.
Today, there is not a departmental director of the police who has under his orders the public security, the border police, nor the judicial police.
This creates in particular counterproductive discrepancies in the return to the borders.
How will this be reflected in concrete terms?
The single departmental directorate of the national police will be set up from the beginning of next year in three metropolitan departments: Pas-de-Calais, Savoie and Pyrénées-Orientales.
Two of these three “border” departments are experiencing difficulties linked to immigration.
The experiment will last a year before the system is generalized if it is successful.
It is a positive revolution for police officers on the ground.
Is a reorganization of the police planned in other trades?
At the national level, there needs to be stronger modernization in certain areas such as investigation.
Today, there are 3,000 judicial police officers (OPJ) who no longer do investigative work, while paradoxically we are lacking.
It's a bit of a crazy system.
It is necessary to make its attractiveness to the real job of cop, that of the investigation.
Are you going to review the articulation of the commitments of the police and the national gendarmerie on the territory?
It is out of the question to touch our model, which sees two complementary forces acting.
But there is a bad distribution between the police and the gendarmerie at the national level.
Initially, to act very quickly: the gendarmerie operates in rural areas and the police in towns.
Since then, the agglomerations have expanded.
For example in the metropolitan area of Toulouse, there are four towns under the authority of the police, and all the rest of the area, very urbanized, under the control of the gendarmerie.
We must move towards a more efficient organization without taboos.
I am opening this site which had not been opened for decades.
And consolidate cooperation between the two forces?
Yes, especially in areas that require joint action such as law enforcement, but also in areas of high competence such as technical and scientific police (PTS) or Cyber.
This last sector must be strengthened in my opinion, while a lot of trafficking goes through this channel: weapons, drugs, pedophilia but also organized violence.
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Does that mean giving certain departments to the gendarmerie and withdrawing others from the police, and vice versa?
I do not want to go into the following debate: Lozère for the gendarmerie, Val-d'Oise for the police… I prefer that we reason by pool of delinquency like those around public transport or highways.
I will not be the minister who will merge the two forces, which would be a fatal mistake, but I will be the minister who will guarantee its effectiveness on the ground.
The Paris police headquarters (PP), which is said to be often a state within a state, will it lose operational autonomy?
There is no autonomy of the PP.
The PP has a boss, it is the Minister of the Interior.
And I can assure you that everyone knows that.
But there is a specificity of the Parisian “plate” (history, concentration of population, national delinquency and economic, public and political issues) which must be taken into account.
The police headquarters must continue to modernize and pool its resources.
I hope that the reform begun in the fight against irregular immigration will be completed quickly, in particular with the creation of a delegated prefect for immigration.
And as regards the Research and Intervention Brigade (BRI), will it be attached to the Raid, as some have claimed?
The challenge is above all to have an efficient organization.
Each has shown its effectiveness, as this sad anniversary of the 5 years of the attacks of November 13 reminds us.
The idea of free white was to reconcile the population with its police.
We haven't seen strong leverage.
You are wrong, unless you think that cosmetic or media measures must be found, and there indeed there are none.
I wish to open up the recruitment of the police and the gendarmerie even more to the entire population.
The police are the administration which most closely resembles its population and which is the most controlled and sanctioned.
We demand a lot from the police, but the vast majority of French people trust them.
This out of step with certain Parisian debates.
When the bullets whistle, it is the police that we find in the street, not the talkative.
OPPOSITIONS TO THE AUTHORITY
Gérald Darmanin is angry: "It's incredible this society in which we think that the police are the aggressors" ./LP/Delphine Goldsztejn
Do you not fear that Article 24 of the Comprehensive Security Bill, which provides for punishing the malicious dissemination of facial images of a police officer or gendarme and will be examined on Tuesday at the Assembly, does not add fuel to the fire?
I must protect those who protect us, the police and gendarmes.
By nature, I am on their side.
What revolts me are these police forces attacked in their personal lives.
We quickly forget the despicable drama of these Magnanville police officers, murdered in their homes under the eyes of their child.
On the Internet, there are videos that call for rape against policewomen, sites that record members of the police.
That is intolerable.
The cancer of society is the failure to respect authority.
But the law already allows these threats to be prosecuted online ...
The law does not sufficiently protect the police and gendarmes, their protection must be reinforced.
Opponents of this law assure that it risks making certain “police violence” invisible?
We will always be able to film police officers in demonstration.
However, it will be impossible to distribute these videos maliciously, otherwise you will be penalized.
What should a citizen do if he films police and gendarmes committing acts contrary to the law, which is extremely small but can happen?
Enter the public prosecutor, justice.
It's up to her to decide, not the Internet court.
The identity of a policeman cannot be thrown away because they are attacked in their family life.
In a recent case concerning a police commander of Toulon, it is an amateur video which allowed the IGPN to consider that there was a fault ...
Any video may continue to be made available to the IGPN or the judicial authority.
Why post this on social media?
Twitter or Facebook are not superior to the judiciary.
But the videos disseminated are most often used to manipulate, to destabilize the police and therefore the Republic. The police should not be handed over to the media tribunal because the consequences can be dramatic.
Isn't this law unbalanced when the police, equipped with pedestrian cameras, will in turn be able to film the demonstrators or the people checked?
These images will be used to help the police and gendarmes in their investigations and will be available to justice.
This could also help the administration in the event of police misconduct.
These images could also be provided to the media to re-establish the truth and prevent a few seconds taken out of context from suggesting that the police are the aggressors while they are protectors.
But how do you prove a malicious will when someone is filming?
Isn't there the risk that the police will outright ban the capture of their image?
It's incredible this society in which we think the police are the aggressors.
There is a reversal of the burden of proof and of values.
We have been spitting in the faces of the police for years.
We too often forget that five years ago, we applauded the police, that they were praised.
What has happened in the minds of our intellectual elites so that any measure in favor of the police, for the Republic, is systematically frowned upon?
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REGIONAL ELECTIONS
In his report, the former president of the constitutional council Jean-Louis Debré recommends a postponement of the regional until June 2021, because of the health context.
What is your opinion ?
Parliament will decide.
He was the one who set the date for March 2021, when he postponed the regional elections to 2014.
A part of the majority militates for the vote by mail.
Why are you opposed to it?
As long as we have not demonstrated that this method of voting allows absolute individual decision, without community or family pressure, I will be opposed to this provision.
It is about the preservation of the free will of each one, a long electoral translation of our country since the invention of the voting booth.
THE STATE OF HEALTH EMERGENCY
Containment is not as strictly observed as in the spring.
Would you say that the French are "refractory Gauls"?
How many tickets for non-compliance with the rules have the police made?
It should be kept in mind that this confinement is not exactly the same as that of the month of March.
It is possible to pick up your children from school, for example, businesses have been able to organize themselves better with the collection of orders… All of this leads to seeing more people in the streets.
But overall there has been a very sharp decrease in travel - half as many people in the metro, for example.
The French are now making significant efforts, which allows us to have the first positive results.
But these efforts must be continued, not slackening, as the Prime Minister said.
This is why, after a few days of tolerance and time to get used to the new rules, I asked for more checks at the start of last week.
To date, 117,000 minutes have been drawn up.
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