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Written by: Lin Sihan and Ye Dehao
2021-01-20 14:05
Last update date: 2021-01-20 14:05
The Butantan Institute of Brazil (Butantan Institute) clarified last Tuesday (January 12) that the “general efficacy” of Kexing’s new crown vaccine was only 50.4%, which is in contrast to the previously announced “clinical efficacy” Efficacy is as high as 78%. There is a gap in the statement. The confusion of its announcement has attracted criticism from the outside world, and even caused people to question the effectiveness of the vaccine.
In view of the fact that the effectiveness of the new crown vaccines announced by Pfizer in the United States, BioNTech in Germany, Moderna in the United States, and Sputnik V in Russia are all over 90%. More than half of the numbers seem "too low" to many people.
The Basilis Butantan Biomedical Research Institute clarified on January 12 that the "overall effective rate" of Coxing's new crown vaccine was only 50.4%, which attracted criticism from the outside world.
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On January 7, the Basilis Butantan Institute of Biomedical Research announced that the Coxing Vaccine has an effective rate of 78% for "mild to severe" new coronary pneumonia cases.
A few days later, the director of the institute, Dimas Covas, stated that the 78% previously announced was "clinically effective" and did not include cases where the symptoms were "very mild" and did not require any treatment.
In a press conference last Tuesday, the researchers further explained that they divided all cases into six categories-asymptomatic, very mild, mild, moderate-low, moderate-high, and severe. If the subjects were "very mild" Including this, the "overall effective rate" is 50.4%-just exceeding the 50% threshold of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) vaccine emergency authorization standards.
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Multiple aspects of efficiency
The so-called "50% effective rate" of the vaccine means that in the experimental group vaccinated, the number of people infected with new coronary pneumonia is 50% less than that in the control group injected with a placebo.
Researchers in Brazil pointed out that if only those infected who need clinical treatment are counted (that is, the last four conditions mentioned above), the effective rate of Kexing vaccine is still 78% as previously announced; if only moderate to severe cases are compared, the effective rate is It is 100%.
Therefore, it can be understood that, compared with people who have not been vaccinated, Kexing vaccine can reduce the probability of infection symptoms by 50.4%.
Currently, eight countries have ordered Coxing vaccines, including Indonesia ordered more than 125 million doses, Turkey 50 million doses, Thailand 2 million doses, Philippines 25 million doses, Brazil 100 million doses, Chile 60 million doses, and Malaysia 14 million doses And 5 million doses in Ukraine.
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But they also emphasized that the current data in this area is still scarce, and it is not sufficient to prove the true protection.
Ricardo Palacios, medical director of the Butantin Institute, described: "This vaccine reduces the intensity of the disease." Brazilian microbiologist Natalia Pasternak said at a press conference that the test results This means that the vaccine is not a panacea. "This is not the best vaccine in the world", but it is a perfectly acceptable vaccine.
Since the calculation method of the vaccine effectiveness must involve the comparison between the experimental group and the control group, as more clinical data in the third phase are released, it will also affect the evaluation of the overall effectiveness of the vaccine.
At the same time, Brazil's Coxing vaccine subjects are 12,500 medical personnel, which is more risky than the general public, so its effectiveness data is expected to be lower than the corresponding community test.
Palacios pointed out that the vaccine will be more effective in the community.
In addition to Brazil, Coxing Vaccine is also undergoing large-scale Phase III clinical trials in Turkey and Indonesia. Both places have announced preliminary data for related tests in the past month: the former calculated the vaccine based on the results of 1,322 subjects. The effective rate is 91.25%; the latter refers to its effective rate of 63.5%.
However, due to the differences in test design and calculation methods in various regions, how to integrate the effective evaluation of the same vaccine in various regions requires further observation and analysis.
The phenomenon of different effectiveness of the same vaccine is not new.
Another less effective Oxford University and AstraZeneca new crown vaccine has an average effective rate (70%), a half-dose plus full-dose effective rate (90%), and two-dose full-dose effective rate (62%). %) and other different figures, arising from the fact that the subjects had two injections with different doses, including half-dose plus full-dose tests without the participation of people over 55 years old, and different control groups were injected with different types The placebo problem.
While Pfizer and Modena, which are more than 90% effective and both use mRNA technology, are only the results of symptomatic new crown patients, and other effective data of the two are yet to be explored.
It can be seen that the calculation of the effective rate of a vaccine is extremely complicated, and it is by no means a simple percentage figure on the headlines of the media that can clearly explain it, and the actual extent of its effectiveness is left to the academic community to study.
Currently, Oxford and AstraZeneca, Pfizer and BioNtech, and even Modena have published peer-reviewed academic papers clarifying vaccine test results.
If Kexing Vaccine can further accept the public evaluation of the academic community in the future, it will make all walks of life more confident.
Even the new crown vaccine launched by the "brand-name" pharmaceutical company Pfizer has been questioned? For more details, please read the weekly newsletter.
The above excerpt was recorded in the 249th issue of "Hong Kong 01" Weekly Report (January 18, 2021) "The low efficiency of Kexing vaccines causes doubts, rational debate and urgent anti-epidemic should be parallel." If you want to read the full text, please
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Selected content of 249 issue of "Hong Kong 01" Weekly News:
[Cover report] The whole network blocks Trump's left-wing capital to counterattack the right-wing populist
Blessing or curse?
Can Western Democracy Pass the Trial of Technology
Migrating social media platforms is not as good as regaining information autonomy
How can public funds be used? How can citizens decide how civil society does not have a participatory budget?
Dialogue: China, torn apart by the extreme left, needs to be tolerant
Before the epidemic, the tourism industry is in danger
Both the number of infections and deaths are "the highest in Europe." Why is the outbreak in the UK getting worse?
The development has been squandered for many years and is now finally kicking off. Who will live in housing along the Northern Ring Road?
[Technology.
Future] Meeting the five key needs of solid-state batteries or helping electric vehicles become mainstream
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