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Author: Zhu Haiqi
2021-01-20 17:30
Last update date: 2021-01-20 17:30
Brazil announced earlier that the morbidity prevention rate of Kexing vaccine in the mainland is only 50.38%, which is only higher than the 50% standard of the World Health Organization. The injection time of the two injections of participants is mostly two weeks apart.
Kexing said on the day before (18th) that some participants had two doses of up to 3 weeks apart, and the vaccine's effective rate rose to about 70%.
Some experts believe that the theory is true, but the number of participants is only a small number of more than 1,000 people, and the third phase of the clinical report can be confirmed.
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Vaccine consultant Kong Fanyi: The two needles are too short to produce antibodies
Kexing Vaccine has not yet published the third phase clinical report. The Butantan Institute in Brazil earlier published the local data of the vaccine, pointing out that its disease prevention rate is only 50.38%, but it just meets the requirements.
Reuters reported that Kexing said the day before that the 50.38% effective rate was based on the data of more than 9,000 testers. Most of the two injections were two weeks apart, but 1,394 people in the study also received vaccines or vaccines for different reasons. The placebo was separated by 3 weeks, and the effective rate rose to 70%.
The technology used by Kexing Vaccine is an inactivated vaccine, which kills pathogenic microorganisms and makes them lose their pathogenicity, but retains antigenicity to stimulate the immune response of human cells.
Kong Fanyi, member of the Government Vaccine Advisory Committee and Director of the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Department of Internal Medicine of the University of Hong Kong, explained that the vaccine needs at least one week to stimulate human T cells. "(The first shot) assumes that there are tens to 100 million T cells, and the antigen is lost. Using most of the T cells to stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies, it will gradually disappear over time, and then be replaced by new T cells that have not been exposed to the antigen." At this time, a second injection can further increase the antibody concentration. But if the distance between the two needles is too short, no second batch of T cells will work to produce antibodies.
Kong Fanyi pointed out that the time between the two injections was too short, no new T cells were working at all, and no further antibodies were produced.
(Profile picture / Photo by Liang Pengwei)
Kong Fanyi added that we need to wait for the third phase clinical report of Kexing to be accurate.
He believes that the basis for the two doses to be three weeks apart can increase the vaccine efficiency to 70%, because only more than a thousand people participate, and I believe that the data will be reliable if it is increased to nearly 10,000 people.
The time between the two vaccines approved by the United Kingdom for Pfizer and Germany's BioNTech vaccines has been lengthened. Kong Fanyi believes that safety will not be affected, but it is impossible to know whether the effectiveness will increase. Hong Kong is not recommended for reference, and the guidelines of pharmaceutical manufacturers should be followed.
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Liang Zichao: The vaccine is effective 10 days after the first injection
Respiratory system specialist Liang Zichao also said that the vaccine will take effect 10 days after the first injection, but it takes more time to enhance its efficacy. It may take up to 3 weeks. If the two injections are only two weeks apart, two injections The work of stimulating the immune system overlaps, and the second needle in disguise shortens the time that the first needle stimulates the body, resulting in a lower efficiency.
Kexing now proposes that the effective rate of two injections separated by 3 weeks can reach 70%. Liang Zichao believes that from a biological point of view, a longer interval between injections of the second injection will increase the effectiveness of the vaccine, just like another model purchased by the Hong Kong government. For vaccines developed by Oxford/AstraZeneca, it is recommended that the two injections be separated by about 4 weeks or more. However, Kexing currently proposes that there are fewer data at 3 weeks apart, which is not statistically stable. However, it is believed that the two injections should be injected 3 weeks apart. It's all safe.
He pointed out that in the first and second phases of the Kexing vaccine test, it had already been mentioned that the effect of 4 weeks apart was better than 2 weeks, but the difference was not big at that time. It is estimated that the researchers hope to shorten the injection time and complete the vaccination plan as soon as possible to protect the public.
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Liang Zichao pointed out that the first and second phase reports of Kexing have mentioned that the distance between the two injections of 4 weeks is better than two weeks, but the difference is not big. The local may choose to complete the two injections within two weeks in order to speed up the vaccination.
(Profile picture)
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