Here are some relevant facts about the Kyoto Protocol

The importance of the US return to the Paris Agreement 1:23

(CNN) -

Here's a look at the Kyoto Protocol, an agreement reached in Kyoto, Japan, in 1997 that requires industrialized nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.

The facts

192 participants have ratified the protocol (191 states and a regional economic integration organization).

The US has not;

left it in 2001.

The protocol mandated that 37 industrialized nations plus the European Community reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.

Developing nations were asked to comply voluntarily.

More than 100 developing countries, including China and India, were exempted from the treaty.

It could not enter into force until at least 55 countries, representing 55% of global emissions in 1990, ratified it.

The signatories agreed to reduce their country's emissions to 5% below 1990 levels between 2008 and 2012.

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The treaty also established an international trading system, which allows countries to obtain credits to reach their emissions goal by investing in cleaning up emissions outside their own country.

According to the Global Carbon Atlas, the largest contributors of greenhouse gases in 2019 were China and the US.

Chronology

December 1-11, 1997 -

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNCCC) takes place in Kyoto, Japan.

More than 150 nations attend and adopt the first international treaty on the control and reduction of greenhouse gases.

November 2, 1998 -

In Buenos Aires, 160 countries meet to work on the details of the protocol and create the "Buenos Aires Plan of Action."

July 23, 2001 -

Negotiators from 178 countries meet in Bonn, Germany, and agree to adopt the protocol.

USA does not participate.

November 10, 2001 -

Representatives from 160 countries meet in Marrakech, Morocco, to continue working on the details of the protocol.

November 18, 2004 -

The Russian Federation ratifies the protocol, giving new hope that it can be implemented, even without the US.

February 16, 2005 -

The Kyoto Protocol enters into force.

December 12, 2011 -

Canada officially renounces the Kyoto Protocol.

Environment Minister Peter Kent says the Kyoto targets are not feasible because the US and China never agreed to the protocol and that a new pact is needed to tackle the emissions problem.

December 2012 -

The Kyoto Protocol is extended until 2020 during a conference in Doha, Qatar.

June 23, 2013:

Afghanistan adopts the Kyoto Protocol and becomes participant 192.

2015 -

At the COP21 sustainable development summit, held in Paris, all Cmnucc participants sign the “Paris Agreement” which effectively replaces the Kyoto Protocol.

The parties agree to limit warming "well below" 2 degrees and below 1.5 degrees above pre-industrial levels if possible.

Emissions of greenhouse gases