weekly
Written by: Yang Yingwei, Cheng Xue, Huang Yunna
2021-03-30 14:50
Last update date: 2021-03-30 17:49
The National Two Sessions, which ended in mid-March, passed two important bills for Hong Kong.
The first is to decide to amend the Hong Kong election system to promote good governance and good governance in Hong Kong. The second is to formally pass the "14th Five-Year Plan and 2035 Vision Goals Outline", which has far-reaching impact on Hong Kong.
The Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office of the State Council is responsible for the think tank "National Hong Kong and Macau Research Association", the "Hong Kong Restart Alliance" led by the two former chief executives of Tung Chee-hwa and Liang Zhenying and the vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and the One Country, Two Systems Research Center, today (March 30) afternoon Hosted the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" seminar and invited many heavyweight guests to attend, including Minister of Science and Technology Wang Zhigang, Deputy Director of the National Development and Reform Commission Hu Zucai, and former Deputy Director of the Central Finance and Economics Leading Group Office Yang Weimin , Xu Ze, President of the National Hong Kong and Macau Research Association, Li Xiaojia, former CEO of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, and so on.
[17:45]
Ye Zeen, former vice president of the Hong Kong Trade Development Council, believes that a key word in the "14th Five-Year Plan" is the mutual promotion of internal and external cycles.
The inner loop and the outer loop are different systems, but they do not operate independently. They must be connected to promote each other.
This is a big challenge.
Hong Kong is a world-class trading center, and our foreign trade volume triples our GDP.
Our offshore trade accounted for 117% of re-export trade in 2018.
We have a lot of onshore and offshore trade.
Therefore, Hong Kong is a key region connecting internal and external circulation.
We can use the Greater Bay Area as an entry point and use foreign networks to introduce foreign products and funds.
[17:40]
Li Xiaojia, the former chief executive of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, talked about the relationship between Hong Kong and the country.
He pointed out that Hong Kong must fully realize that the GDP of Hong Kong and the country has gone from 27% of GDP in the past to 2% today, which shows that Hong Kong's physical impact on national development is limited.
Therefore, Hong Kong cannot solve the country’s major problems, nor can the country solve all of Hong Kong’s problems. However, Hong Kong’s chemical influence on the country is huge, and it has a huge influence in the transformation of the country’s connection with the world.
Li Xiaojia believes that the significance of Hong Kong to the country lies in the "two systems," and the interconnection reactions, chemical reactions, and qualitative effects brought about by them are huge.
Hong Kong must continue to integrate into the overall situation of the country's development and into the 14th Five-Year Plan.
Hong Kong must not forget its own characteristics. The first is finance, and the second is technology.
In terms of finance, Hong Kong is of great significance to China's capital development, market development, and the development of RMB internationalization.
Hong Kong has a maritime law system, while China has a continental law system, but the world’s famous capital markets are all maritime law systems.
In terms of finance, the law of the sea is more applicable.
The same goes for technological development. Hong Kong’s housing conditions and population conditions cannot become a country’s innovation center.
However, Hong Kong should take advantage of the system and fully integrate with the intellectual property rights of the world to establish a complete worldwide protection mechanism, dispute resolution mechanism, and legal adjudication dispute mechanism, so that the world’s money, the money of the law of the sea, can pass through Hong Kong and enter the mainland. .
At the same time, China's inventions and creations can pass through Hong Kong and connect with the world.
In the end, science and technology money, people, and rules can be organically combined in Hong Kong, China's legal system of the sea.
[17:30]
Wang Jixian, Research Director of the Hong Kong Center in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, talked about the "planning" and "imagination" of the 14th Five-Year Plan.
He mentioned that when it comes to "planning", Hong Kong people often associate "planning" with "plan" and think that Hong Kong will be planned.
But in fact, the "14th Five-Year Plan" is very much in line with global trends, including carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, 2030 and 2060. This plan in our Greater Bay Area actually has to be advanced, and it must be in line with the European Union and the United States. Similarly, achieve carbon neutrality in 2050.
Therefore, there must be a backward method to make society develop better.
Wang Jixian quoted Yang Weimin who was present at the meeting and mentioned an important content, that is, the Greater Bay Area and other emerging urban agglomerations must continue to increase the population, and there will be an increase of 10 to 20 million people. If the population is increased by 20 million, then Will reach the range of 90 million people.
He said that Hong Kong people think that it has the highest population density. In fact, Shenzhen has already surpassed Hong Kong, and Hong Kong and Shenzhen together can surpass Tokyo. The challenge and opportunity for Hong Kong lies in reducing carbon emissions while increasing carbon emissions. The population continues to grow.
He specifically mentioned that there are currently three airports in the Greater Bay Area and Foshan is building a fourth airport.
The future plan for the Pearl River Delta is 40 million visits.
There are about 6000 aircraft taking off and landing every day.
This means that if these planes hover in the air for ten minutes, they will cause a lot of carbon pollution.
But at the same time, air transport is very congested.
This is a "stuck neck" place that Hong Kong can't see-our airspace management.
As early as 2015, the government planned to propose a solution to this problem and implement it in 2020. There is currently no specific solution.
There is a saying that a unified shipping center has been established in the Greater Bay Area to coordinate arrangements.
Now that the number of aircraft flights due to the epidemic has decreased, it is the best time to reunify them.
However, he still has not heard any progress.
However, progress in this area is of great significance to carbon emissions and environmental protection, because it is foreseeable in the future that the number of flights will rebound in a V shape after the epidemic ends, but there will be no time to make changes when the world is flying out.
He also said that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Delta all need to solve the airspace problem.
Only the central government can solve this problem because the Chinese airspace is controlled by the military.
Therefore, we need to see this problem. We need to expand the space in the Central District and increase the civil airspace.
Wang Jixian, Research Director of the Hong Kong Center in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.
(Live screenshot)
[17:20] When
Liang Zhenying responded to the problem of the brain drain, she bluntly worried that scientific research talents would change their careers, because they could not apply what they learned, and they could not come back if they were first-rate. Leave them in the tech world.
He also mentioned that one of Hong Kong's shortcomings in innovation and technology is that he was worried that the Bureau of Innovation and Technology was established during the Chief Executive's term. It took a long time for the "rab" to pass, and it took more than two years. Today, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress passed the amendment to the Basic Law to make it clear that Hong Kong can no longer use the methods of the past to produce an irresponsible Legislative Council, otherwise Hong Kong society will have to pay a great price.
[17:15]
Ni Mingxuan, the Chief Vice President of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and Chair Professor of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, shared the obstacles to innovation and technology in Hong Kong.
He believes that technological innovation is most dependent on talents, and raised three issues facing Hong Kong in this regard:
First, does Hong Kong have good soil for the growth of scientific and technological talents?
Hong Kong is proud of having many top universities in the world.
The establishment of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology has stimulated the competition and development of the University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong can recruit many well-known overseas scholars from abroad, and Hong Kong itself has also cultivated many outstanding scholars and graduates.
The question is, do these talents create more value for Hong Kong?
He mentioned that more than ten years ago, all outstanding undergraduates in Hong Kong went abroad for further studies; but recently, many people want to innovate and start businesses, so they went to the mainland.
During this process, Hong Kong has cultivated many outstanding doctoral students, but in the end they all went to Singapore, Australia, Europe and the United States. Hong Kong also trained many outstanding teachers, all of whom received academicians. However, the mainland has a high salary, large houses, and scientific research. There are also more platforms than Hong Kong.
Hong Kong can indeed cultivate high-end talents, but how can it create value for Hong Kong?
Hong Kong must integrate into the Greater Bay Area in order for Hong Kong's scientific research to play a greater role.
Second, HKUST used to be the only place where chips could be made.
But the equipment 30 years ago is outdated, and there is no money for us to update it 30 years later.
We have the best advantage but we haven't done it well.
Third, encourage Hong Kong universities to run schools in the Greater Bay Area; hope that China will also give Hong Kong universities more space and bring Hong Kong's innovative model to the mainland.
The most important foundation of technological innovation is the innovation of management system.
Hong Kong does not lack good plans, but Hong Kong's execution power is not enough, and administrative procedures should be simplified.
For example, the construction of the University of Science and Technology in Guangzhou is very efficient. 550 buildings were built in 450 days, but not a year in Hong Kong.
Ni Mingxuan said that the entire technological development needs an ecological environment.
What role can Hong Kong play in this?
To be an international innovation center, first of all to do basic scientific research.
The investment in basic scientific research is very large. If in the end, the enterprise, commercialization, and industrialization are all in the Mainland, what will Hong Kong benefit from?
Therefore, this development is not one-way, if it is two-way.
Ni Mingxuan asked the authorities whether Hong Kong can provide better education for children?
Can you provide a better scientific research platform?
Artificial intelligence requires big data and a lot of computing power, but as soon as colleges and universities mentioned computing power, they went to the mainland.
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology was the only place where chips could be made 30 years ago. We have also trained many talents in Huawei HiSilicon, but our machines have long been outdated.
We hope that our children and students can have more exchanges and more internship opportunities in the two campuses of Shenzhen and Hong Kong.
We hope that China can provide our Hong Kong universities with more space to train talents in China, and provide different models for training talents.
He hopes that Hong Kong people and mainland people will work together. Not only does the mainland need to invest funds, but the Hong Kong government also invests funds. "For example, Hong Kong research needs software engineers and chip engineers, but the housing prices are too expensive. Can Hong Kong provide talent housing? We set up a campus in Guangzhou, and the Nansha government gave us talent housing."
Ni Mingxuan, Chief Vice President of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and Chair Professor of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering.
(Live screenshot)
[17:00]
Liu Yuanchun, vice president of Renmin University of China, talked about the development prospects of Hong Kong in terms of technological innovation.
He said that the "13th Five-Year Plan" is mainly to support Hong Kong's development of technological innovation. The "14th Five-Year Plan" has developed this concept to build an "international innovation and technology center", which shows that the state supports Hong Kong as a more platform.
Moreover, the "14th Five-Year Plan" proposes to deepen Hong Kong's "central" role, which has a series of deepening of the connotation of Hong Kong's development, and the deepening and repositioning of Hong Kong's strategic role.
He put forward three points: Hong Kong should transform from an international hub to a core hub that promotes the mutual promotion of domestic and foreign dual cycles; Hong Kong’s post-epidemic economic recovery must adapt to the new globalization, the adjustment of the Chinese economic circle, and the Asia-Pacific economic circle; Hong Kong’s industrial chain To be reconstructed, the traditional technological innovation positioning is not enough to meet the challenges of the new wave of technology in the future.
Liu Yuanchun believes that Hong Kong has advantages in basic research because it has many universities with high QS rankings; Hong Kong's business environment advantages include low tax rates and talent introduction measures; the government also has a new strategic layout with eight major directions; Hong Kong's technological development Some achievements have been made, and a series of developments have also been made in green finance and financial technology.
However, he also pointed out Hong Kong’s shortcomings in science and technology, including: (1) Lack of industrial chain support for innovation and technology, no industrial support such as manufacturing, biotechnology, etc.; (2) Hong Kong has good basic R&D, but not A complete R&D chain—theoretical innovation-technical innovation-industrial innovation-market innovation; (3) R&D personnel are generally paid and R&D costs are high; (4) R&D and innovation support is insufficient.
In addition, Hong Kong lacks a strategic layout designed by the government at the top level. He reiterated that if science and technology innovation only follows market-oriented development, it will inevitably encounter a series of problems; and for Hong Kong, Hong Kong's development of science and technology innovation strategy concept, strategic deployment, expenditure level, etc. There are problems in three aspects.
For example, Liu Yuanchun’s R&D expenditure in Shenzhen is four times that of Hong Kong. The former R&D accounts for 4.2% of GDP and the latter only 0.85%. Moreover, Hong Kong’s R&D intensity is not only insufficient, but there are also structural problems. , Only 40% of the scale for society and enterprises, but in Shenzhen, the proportion of enterprises and R&D expenditures reaches 97%.
He suggested that Hong Kong should build a new system of innovation chain, not simply relying on the mainland to face the world, but to integrate the mainland and face the world.
The integration of the innovation chain and the value chain of the industrial chain requires a large market. Therefore, to use the mainland super market, it must be integrated into the mainland's super technology strategy and technology talent strategy.
Hong Kong can become a highland of talents in a new free system; Hong Kong must become a center of intellectual property trade, Hong Kong has legal and financial advantages; Hong Kong must become a transit station for research and development in the mainland and the world; Hong Kong must strive to incorporate national strategic scientific and technological power Layout.
Liu Yuanchun, vice president of Renmin University of China.
(Live screenshot)
[16:30]
Xu Ze, president of the National Hong Kong and Macau Research Association and former deputy director of the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office of the State Council, believes that Hong Kong has geographical advantages and will definitely have a lot to do in the country's "14th Five-Year Plan" process.
Xu Ze pointed out that the "14th Five-Year Plan" shows the policy orientation of China's future reform and opening up and economic development.
The world today has not undergone major changes in a century. There are three changes that need attention: the global economic center moves eastward, the rapid development of high-tech technology, and the new crown epidemic has brought humankind to humans that were not caused by the hot war and the cold war. We need to explore humanity from a deeper level. The subject of a community with a shared future.
At this time, China demonstrated economic culture and institutional resilience: the epidemic was effectively controlled, the economy was heading upwards, and it achieved three major increases in the total amount of foreign investment, growth rate, and global share in global trade.
As for Hong Kong, Xu Ze quoted President Xi Jinping as saying that the development of Hong Kong must believe in itself, in the country, and in Hong Kong. It must not only establish cultural self-confidence and institutional self-confidence, but also maintain Hong Kong's stability and prevent external interference.
He emphasized that "One Country, Two Systems" has not changed, the Basic Law has not changed, and the central government's determination to support Hong Kong's development and ultimately achieve dual universal suffrage has not changed.
What Hong Kong needs to change is that all Hong Kong stakeholders must deeply understand the complete connotation of "One Country, Two Systems", take responsibility for the development of Hong Kong, and enable Hong Kong to share the national development dividend while assuming the responsibility of safeguarding national security.
Xu Ze believes that the most important boost for Hong Kong's development is to participate in the development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.
The main achievements in recent years are: (1) The planning system and policy system have gradually formed. In 2019 alone, more than 260 policies related to the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area were issued; (2) Infrastructure interconnection has been accelerated. Including the start and completion of a series of bridges, ports, and tunnels.
Two inspections in one place, 24-hour customs clearance, and soft measures such as Hong Kong and Northbound; (3) Breakthroughs have been made in the connection of rules and mechanisms.
The construction of hospitals allows Hong Kong people to enjoy public medical care in Shenzhen-the completion of the Hong Kong Medicine Link is nearing completion, and the first batch of international drugs will be used in Shenzhen; in the field of education, the two places have achieved remarkable results in running schools; in the financial field, the scope of the stock exchange is expanding. ; In the field of law, Hong Kong-funded Hong Kong-Hong Kong-law-Hong Kong arbitration has made progress in Shenzhen certification.
Xu Ze suggested that there are three directions for Hong Kong's integration into the development of the Greater Bay Area in the future.
First, strengthen top-level design and decision-making execution.
Since the existing institutions at all levels cannot implement overall coordination, it is necessary to effectively realize the docking of mechanisms, to have a top-level design, and to clarify the implementation of decision-making.
The second is to take the construction of key regions to form a radiant drive, conduct pilots on a comprehensive platform, attach great importance to the development and construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao cooperation platform, and lead and drive the comprehensive cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao.
Third, to make breakthroughs in key areas and support the Greater Bay Area to become an international innovation center. This is one of the main tasks for the construction of the Greater Bay Area.
He reiterated that Hong Kong is not only the need of an international innovation hub, but also the significance of driving the construction of science and innovation industries in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Macao. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a set of replicable and popularized experience to provide a path for the industrialization of scientific research.
Xu Ze, chairman of the National Hong Kong and Macau Research Association and former deputy director of the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office.
(Live screenshot)
[16:15]
Yang Weimin, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the Economic Committee, and former deputy director of the Office of the Central Finance and Economics Leading Group, deconstructed the "14th Five-Year Plan" from three levels: new development stage, new development concept, and new development pattern.
In the new stage of development, the "14th Five-Year Plan" is the first five-year plan for building a modern country in an all-round way and marching towards the second centenary goal. It is different from the previous five-year plans, so it is of great historical significance.
The key word for China's development and construction is "well-off". The first two decades are "well-off life" and the next thirty years are "well-off society", achieving basic practice and modernization.
For example, during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the country will increase its efforts on common prosperity to solve the problem of uneven development and the large gap in income distribution among residents.
The new development concept refers to that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Xi Jinping has continuously put forward some new development concepts and gradually formed a systematic "Xi Jinping Economic Thought."
As for the new development pattern, it includes 6 keywords and 8 key tasks: the former is pattern, circulation, openness, integration, construction, and system; the latter is to cultivate a complete domestic demand system, expand household consumption, increase household income, and strengthen technology Self-reliance and self-reliance, strengthen technological self-reliance and self-reliance, deepen supply-side structural reforms, improve the ability of cities and urban agglomerations to gather elements, and persist in expanding high-level opening up.
Yang Weimin, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the Economic Committee, and former deputy director of the Office of the Central Financial Leading Group
(Live screenshot)
[15:45]
Wang Zhigang, Minister of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, talked about the future of innovation and technology in Hong Kong.
In view of the high technology and high quality of scientific research personnel in Hong Kong, the state will encourage Hong Kong's willing scientific institutions to join the national scientific research system and encourage young Hong Kong scientific and technological personnel to come to the Mainland for exchanges and cooperation.
The Ministry of Science and Technology will vigorously support Hong Kong in building a national scientific research platform, a laboratory in the Greater Bay Area, and a national technological innovation center to attract international scientific and technological talents and technologies to Hong Kong.
Wang Zhigang pointed out that science and technology have a profound impact on the country’s future and destiny and people’s lives and well-being, and Hong Kong’s innovation and development have become an important part of the country’s construction of an innovative power. The future focuses on the following eight aspects:
(1) Strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength, of which Hong Kong's scientific and technological strength is an important part of the national strategic scientific and technological strength, and support Hong Kong to establish a national strategic platform; (2) Concentrate on breakthroughs in key technologies and make every effort to improve the supply capacity of key core technologies (3) Persevere in strengthening basic research and enhancing the ability to innovate sources; (4) Enhance corporate innovation capabilities and form a technological innovation system that takes the enterprise as the main market as the guidance of the deep integration of production, education, research and application. At present, China’s corporate R&D expenditure accounts for the entire society. 76% of R&D expenditures; (5) Fully stimulate talent innovation vitality.
Hong Kong’s scientific research personnel are highly skilled and highly qualified. We encourage Hong Kong’s willing scientific institutions to join the national scientific research system, and encourage Hong Kong’s young scientific and technical personnel to come to the Mainland for exchanges and cooperation; (6) Accelerate the construction of regional highlands, including the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao innovation centers. , Can build scientific infrastructure clusters in the Greater Bay Area, and turn the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area into a highland connecting domestic and foreign countries; (7) Establish and improve intellectual property protection; (8) Actively integrate into the global innovation network.
In this regard, support Hong Kong's competent scientists and institutions to cooperate with mainland institutions to undertake major national scientific research projects.
Wang Zhigang, Minister of the Ministry of Science and Technology.
(Live screenshot)
[15:25]
Hu Zucai, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, believes that the country has entered a century without major changes, and the domestic and international environment faced by the country has undergone complex and profound changes. It is necessary to achieve more equitable and more sustainable development.
The reason why the country builds a pattern where the domestic and foreign double cycles promote each other is based on the global economic environment and domestic development changes. The country has entered a stage of high-quality development and must improve its development. quality.
Among them, the growth rate of R&D investment is included in economic indicators and maintained at more than 7% per year; and innovation-driven development will be adhered to, and ultra-new driving will be the main task to accelerate digital development and digital transformation, including the establishment of national laboratories, etc. , The goal is to account for more than 17% of the GDP of strategic emerging industries.
The "14th Five-Year Plan" has set up a special chapter for the development of Hong Kong and Macau, and the central government's requirements for firmly supporting the development of Hong Kong and Macau will not change.
The general requirement is to adhere to one country, two systems, Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong and Macao people administer Macao, implement the central government's power to control the Special Administrative Region, and ensure the overall social stability of the Special Administrative Region, and prevent and contain external forces from interfering in Hong Kong affairs.
The state focuses on supporting Hong Kong in enhancing its status as an international financial, shipping, trade center, and international aviation hub, and strengthening its functions as a global offshore RMB business hub, an international asset management center, and a risk management center.
Support Hong Kong's construction of an international innovation and technology center, an Asia-Pacific international legal and dispute resolution service center, and a regional intellectual property trading center, support the development of Hong Kong's service industry in a high-end and high-value-added direction, and support Hong Kong's development of a Sino-foreign cultural and artistic exchange center.
Support Hong Kong's integration into the overall situation of national development, build the hub role of the Belt and Road Initiative, deepen the interconnection between the mainland and Hong Kong's financial markets, and improve the convenience measures for Hong Kong residents to live in the mainland.
In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the basic French education of the constitution and strengthen the patriotic awareness of Hong Kong compatriots.
Hu Zucai, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission.
(Live screenshot)
[15:10]
Leung Chun-ying, who presided over the meeting, said that the seminar was to interpret the national development plan and help Hong Kong society actively integrate into the overall national development in the next five years and seize new development opportunities.
He also mentioned that Hong Kong and foreign societies do not understand the current state of development and planning in the Mainland, and hope that all walks of life can overcome unknown obstacles, solve unknown problems, and tell the story of the "14th Five-Year Plan" well.
Chair:
Liang Zhenying, Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and former Chief Executive
Guests:
Wang Zhigang: Minister of the Ministry of Science and Technology
Hu Zucai: Deputy Director of the National Development and Reform Commission
Yang Weimin:
Deputy Director of the
Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and Economic Committee, former Deputy Director of the Central Finance and Economics Leading Group Office
Xu Ze: Chairman of the National Hong Kong and Macau Research Association, former Deputy Director of the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office of the State Council
Liu Yuanchun: Vice President of Renmin University of China
Li Xiaojia: Former Chief Executive Officer of the
Hong Kong
Stock Exchange
Ni Mingxuan: Chief Vice President of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Chair Professor of Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Ye Zeen: Former Vice President of Hong Kong Trade Development Council
Wang Jixian: Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Research Director, District Hong Kong Center
The "14th Five-Year Plan" Plan Chinese Economy Hong Kong Economy One Country, Two Systems Greater Bay Area Liang Zhenying National Hong Kong and Macau Research Association Hong Kong Re-start Alliance
/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/prisa/3I74UEXLYRBBRPGPSGWNN6WXH4.jpg)
