In a rare moment of union, American Republicans and Democrats on Wednesday June 16 approved in Congress the creation of a new federal holiday, June 19, to commemorate the emancipation of the last slaves in Texas in 1865. President Joe Biden must now enact this law, but its support is clear.
"This day represents freedom"
, launched the elected Democrat of the House of Representatives Sheila Jackson Lee, one of the parliamentarians who carried the bill to make "Juneteenth" - contraction of June and 19 in English - a holiday. The Chamber definitively adopted this text by 415 votes to 14, with the support of the Democratic and Republican leaders. The day before, it had been unanimously approved in the Senate.
To read also: June 19, 1865: the "Juneteenth", day of the emancipation of slaves in the United States
In front of the old photo of a black man with a torn back, Sheila Jackson Lee, an elected African-American, spoke in the hemicycle of the
"long journey"
traveled until this vote.
“But we are here today, free to vote for Juneteenth as a national independence day, a federal holiday for America,”
she said.
"Recognizing and learning from past mistakes is essential to move forward,"
wrote Republican Senator John Cornyn, who had brought this bill with her.
Urgent appeals after the murder of George Floyd
These two parliamentarians represent Texas in Congress.
It was in this vast state that the last slaves had learned, on June 19, 1865, that they were henceforth free.
President Abraham Lincoln had actually freed slaves from their bondage two and a half years earlier, signing the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863.
But during the American Civil War (1861-1865), slavery continued in the Southern Confederate States.
Confederate Army Chief Robert Lee had signed his surrender on April 9, 1865. And it had taken over two months for the news to reach the small Texas town of Galveston on June 19.
To read also: Wilfred Reilly: "Slavery does not define the totality of American history"
The “Juneteenth” was already a public holiday in some US states, including Texas, but it had not so far been marked with a federal date. Calls to make it a public holiday had redoubled after the murder of George Floyd, an African-American killed by a white policeman on May 25, 2020. This date of June 19
“reminds us of a history marred by brutality and injustice, and it reminds us of our responsibility to build a future of progress for all that honors the ideal of equality ”
of the United States, said Democratic House Speaker Nancy Pelosi.
