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(What is philosophical awareness) A historical and comparative research study on the development of philosophy through the ages

2021-07-27T10:52:02.974Z


Damascus, SANA- Philosophy views awareness as the essence of man that distinguishes him from other beings because it is linked to the


Damascus-SANA

Philosophy views consciousness as the essence of man that distinguishes him from other beings because it is strongly linked to one's thoughts, behavior, feelings and feelings. The evolution of human consciousness from the mythical to philosophical stage heralded the dawning of a new humankind more than two thousand years ago.

The book “What is Philosophical Awareness”, which came in the form of an in-depth study by its author, Dr. Ali Esber, aims to extract the main characteristics of philosophical awareness in the history of philosophy to show the fact that philosophical thinking has its own methods and problematic topics that time does not lose the ability to search.

The book, issued by the Syrian General Book Organization, in 544 pages of large volume, attempts to define the nature of philosophical awareness and the specific methodological orientations that characterize it, without focusing on a particular philosopher or on a specific philosophical stage, but through a process of investigation whose subject is the history of philosophy and its most important manifestations.

In order to achieve the goal of the book, it was divided into two chapters. The first consisted of a preface and three chapters and dealt with the origin and development of philosophical awareness in the history of philosophy. The first chapter of this chapter revolved around Greek philosophical awareness and its general distinctive characteristics. For ease of research, it was divided into three basic roles.

In the first stage, it was found that the main concern of the various Greek philosophers was the search for principles of existence, while the second stage was a search for essences of existence, and the third stage talked about the goal of the Greek philosophers, which is wisdom and the tendency towards asceticism.

The second chapter of the first chapter continues the manifestations of awareness in medieval Arab Islamic and Christian philosophy, and here the emphasis was placed on the idea that the majority of Arab and Muslim philosophers unanimously agree that the active mind is the source of philosophical awareness, but in return they are generally subject to the influences of Greek philosophy.

The issue of the relationship of philosophical awareness with religious awareness in Christian philosophy was also addressed, and the philosophy of the Renaissance was considered as a foundation for human philosophical awareness of modern philosophy.

The topic of the third chapter was the renewal of philosophical awareness. First, a new rational tendency emerged. Its early pioneers were Descartes, Spinoza and Leibniz, who saw that the human mind is capable of developing definitive explanations for the material world until the German philosopher Kant, who made this mind the subject of deep criticism and curbed this tendency Rationality hindered philosophical awareness from attaining the truths that are things in themselves, until his cousin Hegel came and restored reason to its value, generalized it to existence as a whole, and looked at philosophical consciousness with a view that elevated it to the ranks of the Absolute.

Proceeding from the data of the first chapter, the second chapter of the book “Philosophical Awareness between the Problem and the Approach” focused in its first chapter on “Philosophical Awareness and the Philosophical Problem” and touched upon the basic problems in the history of philosophy, which were linked to each other and divided into the problem of knowledge, existence and ethics, but which constituted eternal topics for philosophical awareness.

Based on the results achieved in this chapter, the second chapter entitled “Philosophical Awareness and the Philosophical Approach” was intended to present a perception of a philosophical approach that resulted from examining these problems. In order to try to prove the validity of this perception, three approaches of great importance were examined, which is Descartes’ Mathematical Curriculum. The dialectical Hegel and Husserl's phenomenology.

Finally, it can be said that this type of research entails many difficulties due to its breadth, accuracy, and requirement for the ability to abstract ideas and search for things and analogues in multiple circumstances, in addition to the absence of direct references about it in an almost complete manner, and all this led to many obstacles that stood in the way of research.

It is noteworthy that Dr. Ali Esber was born in the city of Jableh in 1975. He holds a PhD in Arts, Department of Philosophy, and a teacher in the same department. He has many publications and investigations, in addition to a number of research and articles in Arab and local magazines and periodicals.

 Rasha Mahfoud

Source: sena

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