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With Joséphine Baker, six women at the Panthéon

2021-08-23T09:16:52.172Z


After Marie Curie, Simone Veil or Sophie Berthelot, the Franco-American artist will join, on November 30, the prestigious farandole of “pantheonized” women.


Franco-American artist Joséphine Baker will become the sixth woman to enter the Panthéon on November 30, after Sophie Berthelot, physicist Marie Curie, resistance fighters Germaine Tillion and Geneviève de Gaulle-Anthonioz, as well as Simone Veil, a figure in political life. .

Read also Josephine Baker at the Pantheon: a message of fraternity

  • Sophie berthelot

Sophie Berthelot, the first to rest there, alongside her husband, the scientist Marcellin Berthelot whom she had assisted in her research, had been distinguished "in homage to her conjugal virtue". Marcellin Berthelot (1827-1907) was a chemist, biologist and politician. Many streets, squares, schools or high schools bear the name of the one who filed more than 1000 scientific patents and was Minister of Foreign Affairs and Public Education. When his wife, Sophie (née Niaudet), who was assisting him in his research, fell ill, he told his children (the couple had six) that he could not "survive" him. He died a few moments after her. The causes of his death have not been clearly elucidated. The family agreed to “pantheonize” him on the condition that Sophie be buried with him.Minister Aristide Briand said in his eulogy in 1907:

"She had all the rare qualities which allow a beautiful, graceful, gentle, kind and cultivated woman to be associated with the concerns, dreams and works of a man of genius

.

"

  • Marie Curie

Born in Warsaw in 1867, Marya Salomea Sklodowska came to Paris to study physics and mathematics. She married the physicist Pierre Curie in 1895. They found two new atoms, radioactive, baptized polonium and radium, and obtained the Nobel in Physics in 1903, with Henri Becquerel. In 1906, Pierre Curie died, run over by a truck. Widowed, Marie Curie has an affair with the physicist Paul Langevin, who also rests in the Pantheon. But the cheated wife lodged a complaint against her and the scandal broke out in 1911, ending their romance. That same year, she received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The only woman in the world twice nobelized, she died in 1934. In 1995, her ashes were transferred to the Pantheon with those of her husband, in the presence of Polish President Lech Walesa.A decision by President François Mitterrand taken on the suggestion of Simone Veil and other personalities.

In 1995, the ashes of Marie Curie were transferred to the Pantheon with those of her husband.

Bridgemanimages / Leemage

Geneviève de Gaulle-Anthonioz

The first woman to be awarded the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor, Geneviève de Gaulle-Anthonioz (1920-2002) was the niece of General de Gaulle.

A history student, she joined the famous Resistance Network at the Musée de l'Homme, one of the first to be created in Paris.

Denounced and arrested in 1943, she was deported in January 1944 to Ravensbrück where she rubbed shoulders with Germaine Tillion.

See also Holland confirms the pantheonization of Germaine Tillion, Geneviève de Gaulle-Anthonioz, Pierre Brossolette and Jean Zay

Returning from hell, she worked for a time at the Ministry of Culture with André Malraux with her husband Bernard Anthonioz.

But, at the end of 1958, she met Father Joseph Wresinski, creator of the “Help for all distress” movement, which would become ATD Quart-Monde.

In 1964, she took the head of the association.

In 1996, she pleaded with MPs in favor of a social cohesion bill finally adopted in 1998.

The first woman to be awarded the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor, Geneviève de Gaulle-Anthonioz was the niece of General de Gaulle.

Agip / Bridgeman Images

Germaine Tillion

Ethnologist, Germaine Tillion (1907-2008) was a tireless fighter for human rights.

A student of the sociologist Marcel Mauss, in 1934 she left to investigate the Berber population in the Aurès.

Half-historian, half-reporter, she carries out four missions there.

Read alsoRavensbrück trial: "A justice that Germaine Tillion does not understand"

During the war, she participated in the creation of the Musée de l'Homme network.

She too was deported to Ravensbrück, at the same time as her mother Émilie who would be amazed.

Holder of numerous decorations for her heroic acts during the war, she is the second woman to become Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor.

On her return from the camps, she worked at the CNRS and the École Pratique des Hautes Etudes, writing several books on Ravensbrück, Algeria or her profession.

Her coffin and that of Geneviève de Gaulle-Anthonioz were installed in the Panthéon in 2015, without their remains, at the request of their families who wished to keep them in the cemeteries where they are buried.

Germaine Tillion (1907-2008), French ethnographer and resistance fighter, in 1962. Bridgemanimages / Leemage

Simone veil

Simone Veil, Auschwitz survivor, Minister of Health (1974-1978) and President of the European Parliament (1979-1982), was one of France's favorite personalities.

Read alsoSimone Veil in the Pantheon: a "compass in the troubled times we are going through"

Also an academic, she was president of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah (2001-2007).

His notoriety and popularity owe much to his struggle to have the law on voluntary termination of pregnancy (abortion) adopted in 1975, despite the opposition of a large part of the right.

She was pantheonized in 2018, a year after her death.

Her husband Antoine, who died in 2013, rests by her side.

Simone Veil was pantheonized in 2018, a year after her death.

Rene Saint Paul / Bridgeman pictures

Source: lefigaro

All news articles on 2021-08-23

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