Pascal Ory: "We can distinguish three ages of Judeophobia"

Pascal Ory is a historian, teacher, and member of the French Academy.

LE FIGARO.- In order to analyze the hatred of Jews throughout history, the notion of Judeophobia seems more relevant to you than that, more in use, of anti-Semitism.

Why?

Pascal ORY.-

“Judeophobia” is a formula that was forged by a 19th century Jewish intellectual, Léon Pinsker.

It is neutral and can encompass the three ages that I have distinguished since the invention of Christianity: anti-Judaism, with a religious base - Christian, then Muslim -, anti-Semitism, with an atheist base - the word is, moreover, launched in 1879 by an intellectual of the radical left, of materialist philosophy, the German Wilhelm Marr - and finally, since the great Zionist victory of 1948, geopolitical Judeophobia, which can combine the first two under the auspices of anti-Zionism.

I would add that the focus on the "Semitic" dimension, of linguistic origin but here essentialized in the ethnic dimension for

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