The last speaker of the unwritten language of the Yagan people, inhabitants of the icy regions of the far south of Chile, has died at the age of 93, her daughter, a member of the Constituent Assembly, announced on Wednesday in Santiago.
Read also“Mamie Cristina”, the last speaker of the Yagan language
“My mother, Cristina Calderon, passed away. I am deeply saddened that I was not with her when she left. This is sad news for the Yagans,”
Lidia Gonzalez Calderon, Deputy Vice President of the Assembly in charge of drafting a new Constitution for Chile, wrote on Twitter.
"All the work that I currently do (in the Constituent Assembly) I do in its name
," she added.
Southernmost inhabitants of the globe
The Yagan are considered the southernmost inhabitants of the globe after having populated Cape Horn and the Great Island of Tierra del Fuego, at the southern tip of the American continent, more than 6000 years ago.
This people of seasoned navigators has long been nomadic.
Their population reached 3,500 people before the arrival of Europeans in this area in the 19th century.
It then fell sharply in a few decades, in particular because of the diseases carried by the settlers.
The one her relatives called
"grandmother Cristina"
had become a symbol of the cultural resistance of the indigenous peoples of Chile.
“I am the latest yagan speaker.
Others still understand but they don't speak and don't know like me
,” Cristina Calderon said in 2017 to a group of journalists who visited her in the village of Ukika.
This is where most of the approximately 100 descendants of the Yagans who still survive live, one kilometer from Puerto Williams, the southernmost city on the planet, south of Ushuaia (Argentina).
A “living human treasure”
Following the death of her sister Ursula, the Chilean government recognized Cristina Calderon in 2009 as a
"living human treasure"
, highlighting her work as the repository and disseminator of her people's language and traditions.
Until the last years of her life, she devoted herself to crafts and managed to pass on to one of her granddaughters and a niece part of her knowledge of this unwritten and melodic language in endangered.
"Other generations also know the Yagan language but not at Cristina's level, so there will be an irreparable loss
," anthropologist Maurice van de Maele warned five years ago.
Chile's President-elect Gabriel Boric, from Punta Arenas, southern Chile, said on Twitter that he mourned the death of Cristina Calderon, but stressed that
"her love, her teachings and her struggles from the south of the world, where everything begins, will live forever
.