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Hong Kong Earthquake|The 85th felt earthquake since 1979 with over 8,000 reports breaking records

2022-03-13T21:12:04.482Z


At about 2:28 a.m. today (March 14), a magnitude 4.1 earthquake occurred in the waters of Huidong County, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, with a focal depth of about 25 kilometers. Since the epicenter of the earthquake was only about 92 kilometers away from Hong Kong, the tremor was felt throughout Hong Kong, with more than 8,000


At about 2:28 a.m. today (March 14), a magnitude 4.1 earthquake occurred in the waters of Huidong County, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, with a focal depth of about 25 kilometers.

Since the epicentre of the earthquake was only about 92 kilometers away from Hong Kong, the tremors were felt throughout Hong Kong, and more than 8,000 people reported to the Observatory, the most among the 85 reported earthquakes since 1979.

In fact, it is not uncommon for a felt earthquake to be recorded in Hong Kong, and almost all of them will not cause damage. However, in 1918, the great earthquake in South Australia, more than 300 kilometers away, shook Hong Kong people during the Lunar New Year. It was the only felt earthquake that caused obvious damage in Hong Kong. .


According to the Hong Kong Observatory's "Local Sensitive Earthquakes Since 1979", a total of 85 felt earthquakes reported by the public (including one this morning) have been recorded since 1979, and this time is the most reported one. Followed by the 4.8 magnitude earthquake in Heyuan, Guangdong on February 22, 2013 and the 3.4 magnitude earthquake in the waters of Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai City on January 5, 2020, more than 5,000 and 1,200 people were reported respectively.

The last time a felt earthquake was recorded in Hong Kong was the 5.7-magnitude earthquake in Taiwan on February 12 last month, and 11 citizens reported feeling the ground shaking.

According to records, most of the felt earthquakes recorded in Hong Kong were located outside Hong Kong.

Since 1979, there have been only 9 occurrences in Hong Kong, and the last two happened consecutively in 2019 and 2020.

On December 5, 2019, a magnitude 1.4 earthquake occurred near Cheung Chau; on January 5, 2020, a magnitude 3.5 earthquake occurred in the waters off Lantau Island and Cheung Chau. The Observatory received reports from more than 1,200 people. The intensity of the tremor is the IV degree of the "Revised Macquarie Earthquake Intensity Scale", that is, "the suspended object swings. Similar to the vibration of a large truck driving by, the vibration feels like a big iron ball hitting a wall. Parked cars swing. Doors, windows, bowls Dishes rattled. Adjacent glass and ceramic utensils rattled. Even more so, wood-panelled walls and frames creaking."

Fortunately, the felt earthquake recorded in Hong Kong was mild and caused little damage or casualties.

But 104 years ago, on the third day of the Lunar New Year on February 13, 1918, a strong earthquake of magnitude 7.3 occurred on the coastal border of Guangdong Province and Fujian (ie, 23.5 degrees north latitude, 117.2 degrees east longitude), and the nearby Nan'ao and Shantou were almost destroyed. Hong Kong, more than 300 kilometers away, also caused damage.

According to data from the Observatory, the intensity of the quake in Hong Kong reached degrees VI to VII on the "Revised Mercalli Earthquake Intensity Scale", of which level VII can damage and collapse masonry buildings; chimneys and elevated water towers are twisted and collapsed.

It is reported that many buildings in Hong Kong were damaged at that time, the walls of the rooms on the upper floor of the Observatory Headquarters were cracked, many buildings in the Central and Western District including the Central Police Station were damaged, and some buildings of the University of Hong Kong needed to be demolished. Joseph's College was severely damaged and needed to be relocated.

It was also the only felt earthquake to cause significant damage in Hong Kong.

▼Revised Mercalli Earthquake Intensity Scale ﹝1956 Edition﹞▼


Degree I:


No feeling.

A long-period effect belonging to the edge of a large earthquake's sphere of influence.



Degree II:


People who are on the upper floor of the building or in a suitable position and who are still can feel it.



Degree III:


Indoor feeling.

Suspended objects swing.

Similar to the vibration of a minivan driving by.

Duration can be estimated.

Not necessarily an earthquake.



Degree IV:


The suspended object swings.

Similar to the vibration of a large truck passing by, the vibration feels like a big iron ball hitting a wall.

The parked car swings.

Doors, windows and dishes rattled.

Adjacent glass and ceramic utensils clink.

Worse still, the wood-panelled walls and frames squeak.



V degree: It is


felt outdoors, and the direction can be estimated.

The sleeper wakes up.

Liquid swirls, and a small amount spills out of the container.

Small, unstable objects can move or tip over.

Doors and windows open and close and swing.

Blinds and paintings move.

The pendulum clock stops when it swings, or when it is fast and slow.



VI Degree:


Everyone feels it.

Most people panic and run outside.

It is not easy to move steadily.

Broken windows, dishes, glassware.

Books and knickknacks fell from the shelves.

The painting fell from the wall.

Furniture moves or falls over.

Cracks appear in weak plaster and Class D masonry.

Church and school bells chime.

Trees and jungles sway (see swaying or hear rustling).



Degree VII:


Difficulty standing.

The driver of the car felt the earthquake.

Hanging objects vibrate.

Furniture destruction.

Class D masonry buildings were cracked and damaged.

Fragile chimney cracked from roof.

Stucco, loose bricks, stone chips, tiles, cornices, isolated low walls and architectural ornaments fell.

Several cracks appeared in the C-class masonry building.

The pond raises the waves.

The pool water is cloudy and muddy.

Minor landslips and slumps occurred along the gravel embankment.

The big bell chimes.

Concrete irrigation channels were damaged.



Degree VIII:


The car is affected while driving.

Class C masonry buildings were damaged and partially collapsed.

A number of Class B buildings were damaged, while Class A buildings were not affected.

Stucco fell and brick walls collapsed.

Chimneys, factory chimneys, monument towers, elevated water towers, etc. distorted and even fell.

Wooden houses that are not nailed to the ground will move on their foundations, and loose siding will crumble.

Decayed wooden pillars are broken.

Branches fall off.

Changes in water flow or temperature in springs.

Cracks appear in wet soil and slopes.



Degree IX:


Most people panic.

Class D masonry buildings were destroyed; Class C was severely damaged, with occasional total collapse; Class B was also severely damaged.

(The foundation is generally damaged.)

The wooden house that was not nailed to the ground shook off the foundation, and the wooden frame was torn off.

The pond was severely damaged.

Underground pipes burst.

Significant cracks in the ground.

Sediment ejection occurs on alluvial land, forming seismic springs and sand caves.



Degree X:


Most masonry and wooden houses are destroyed even with their foundations.

Several well-built wooden structures and bridges were also destroyed.

Dams, ditches and embankments were severely damaged.

Massive landslides.

The water of aqueducts, rivers, and lakes slams against the shore.

The sand on the beach and flat ground moves horizontally.

The rails are slightly bent.



Degree XI:


The rails are bent substantially.

The underground pipes are completely useless.



Degree XII:



Destruction is almost total.

The boulder moves.

Terrain changes.

Object is thrown into the air.



Remarks:


In order to avoid ambiguity, the quality of brick, stone and other buildings is divided into the following four categories: (This classification method has nothing to do with the usual A, B, C building classification method) ﹞



Class A: All aspects of workmanship, plaster and design are good; reinforced with reinforced concrete, etc., especially to withstand lateral pressure.



Class B: Workmanship and plaster are all good; reinforcement is provided, but no detailed consideration is given to the design to withstand lateral pressure.



Class C: The craftsmanship and plaster are only of the average level; although there is no major weakness such as the non-connection of the corners, but there is no reinforcement, and there is no design to resist horizontal pressure.



Class D: fragile materials, such as adobe; poor quality plaster; poor workmanship; weak horizontal bearing capacity.


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01 News

Source: hk1

All news articles on 2022-03-13

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