From the beginning of the month of Av, the laws of mourning for the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple are tightened, among other things, the prohibition of eating meat must be observed.
This prohibition emphasizes the lack of the temple and the sacrifices that would atone for Klal Yisrael.
However, this custom does not include a soldier in active combat service, who can eat meat to continue to defend Israel.
In addition to this, even a yeshiva student who works seriously on his Talmud and feels unable to persevere in his studies as usual due to the weakness caused by the fact that he does not eat meat - he is allowed to eat meat and chicken.
If that's not enough, beef too.
On top of that, this custom does not include the sick.
Even a slightly sick person is allowed to eat meat, but it is still better for him to eat chicken than beef, unless it is necessary to strengthen him.
Some of the latter even allowed a woman to eat meat while menstruating in order to strengthen herself.
Meanwhile, at a mitzvah meal, such as the conclusion of a Gemara tractate, all participants in the event can eat meat.
If he has finished a Mishnah with a study of interpretations (and not a Gemara), and he always makes a feast at the end of such a treatise, the finisher himself is allowed to eat meat, but the other participants in the event who did not study themselves, used to refrain from eating meat at the end of a Mishnah.
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