The reform that speeds up the procedures to facilitate the hiring of foreigners in Spain came into force this Monday, with the aim of incorporating thousands of workers into official jobs and regulating jobs in sectors with a shortage of personnel such as hospitality and farming.
The modification of the immigration regulation that the Government approved on July 26 makes the processes for granting work authorizations more flexible, and
affects both immigrants who are in Spain in an irregular situation
and people who can be hired from the country of origin.
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The Ministry of Migration recognized that the previous procedures were "often slow and inadequate", which entailed a high social and economic cost for the country.
There are about 5.5 million foreigners in the country and more than a third come from Latin American countries, according to official data.
It is estimated that there are some 500,000 people working irregularly, many of them from that region.
These are the most significant changes of the reform:
✅ Recruitment in the country of origin
The reform will prioritize the hiring of foreigners in their country of origin, especially collective hiring, which until now was limited to temporary workers, according to the newspaper El País.
From now on, they will be offered a four-year work authorization that will allow them to work for nine months for each year.
Migrants must return to their country of origin at the end of each season.
If they meet these conditions, they will be rewarded with a residence and work authorization for two years, extendable, with which they will be able to live and work in Spain as an employee and on their own.
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In addition, the design of the Catalog of Occupations with Difficult Coverage changes to have a more exact image of the needs of the labor market, since now a foreign worker cannot be brought if there are unemployed people in Spain who can be trained.
As the list currently stands, the country only needs ship personnel, coaches, and elite athletes.
The new regulation will change the way this catalog is prepared and will update it every three months.
✅ Foreign students
The reform will favor the permanence of foreign students in Spain: they will be allowed to combine training with work, provided that they do not exceed 30 working hours per week.
Until now, those who had a student visa could not work to pay for their studies.
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In addition, they will be able to start
working at the end of their studies
instead of waiting three years.
✅ Rooting by training
Foreigners who prove that they have been in Spain for at least two years and
have worked without papers for at least six months
may also apply for work permits if they undertake to undertake regulated training for employment in high-demand sectors.
This is the roots for training, which will offer a temporary residence permit to train in occupations in which labor is needed and that, later, will allow work if a person obtains a work contract.
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This type of rooting is added to the two ways by which, until now, foreigners who were already in Spain could regularize their situation.
One is social roots, for which you must prove three years of residence and, in addition, that you have a job offer.
The other is labor roots, in which it is necessary to demonstrate that there has been an employment relationship, even if the person had worked without a contract and was paid in black, according to the BBC.
Last June, foreign workers affiliated with the Spanish Social Security were 2.46 million, the historical maximum since data is available.
34.8% originate from the European Union and the rest from other countries.
Among Latin Americans, the most numerous are Colombians (117,376) and Venezuelans (115,194).
With information from Efe, AP,
El País
and
BBC
.