The victory of the union of the rights led by Giorgia Meloni, leader of the Fratelli d'Italia party, in the Italian legislative elections is accompanied by a new vocabulary.
The terms “post-fascism” and “neo-fascism” appear in the French press.
How do they differ?
Michela Marzano, philosopher, former deputy and author of
My name is without memory
(Stock), returns to these historical terms.
To discover
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LE FIGARO.
- What does the term "post-fascism" mean?
How does it differ from “neo-fascism”?
Michela MARZANO.
- The term post-fascism began to be used by Martin Schulz in Germany as he warned of the arrival of Meloni's party in power in Italy.
So far in Italy, the term was little used, we spoke more of neo-fascism, which is still the term used to talk about Meloni's party, even before it was she who founded the party.
Meloni's "Fratelli d'Italia" party is a transformation of the former Alleanza nazional of Gianfranco Fini, which was itself the transformation of the MSI, Italian Social Movement, born in 1946 on the ruins of fascism and founded by Giorgio Almirante , who had been a member of the Republic of the Salò.
He was a pure and hard fascist, who had moreover chosen as the symbol of his party the tricolor flame,
in memory of the flame which must always be lit at Mussolini's tomb.
During the 1990s, Fini finally recognized that fascism had been the absolute evil and decided to retire this symbol.
But in 2018, when Meloni founded her Fratelli d'Italia party, she chose to reintroduce the symbol of the tricolor flame.
Meloni, unlike Fini, who made a mea culpa on fascism, never distanced himself from fascism;
she was herself in the fascist youth and an admirer of Mussolini.
In my view, the term neo-fascism should be used rather than post-fascism.
she chooses to reintroduce the symbol of the tricolor flame.
Meloni, unlike Fini, who made a mea culpa on fascism, never distanced himself from fascism;
she was herself in the fascist youth and an admirer of Mussolini.
In my view, the term neo-fascism should be used rather than post-fascism.
she chooses to reintroduce the symbol of the tricolor flame.
Meloni, unlike Fini, who made a mea culpa on fascism, never distanced himself from fascism;
she was herself in the fascist youth and an admirer of Mussolini.
In my view, the term neo-fascism should be used rather than post-fascism.
What are his ideas?
During the election campaign, Giorgia Meloni made a video in which she explained that young people had to regenerate themselves through sport to get out of their deviances.
This echoes what Mussolini said when he spoke of "the new man".
There is in her an idea of purity which is embodied in various representations including what a woman should be: a mother, Christian and against abortion.
So according to her there is a right way to be, that is to say, white, heterosexual, Christian and a wrong way to be, the deviants.
She never condemned fascism in her own name.
The real problem in Italy is that, having never reworked our history, we grew up with the idea that the Italians had nothing to do with fascism, but that's not true.
Fascism and Nazism are the same.
How is this fascism embodied today in Italy?
This is expressed by homophobia, xenophobia, deep and asserted Islamophobia.
What will happen to gay couples as the fascists hunt down homosexuals?
Meloni has backed a bill to criminalize surrogacy and jail couples who have used it.
Fascism is this idea of normativity linked not only to what one must do but also to what one must be.
