At a time when Europe is seeking to completely wean itself off Russian gas and accelerate its energy transition, the Arctic's wealth in hydrocarbons and strategic metals is whetting appetites.
In this immense region, mineral resources are subject to competition between the five nations with the right to extract and exploit them in their exclusive economic zones: Canada, Russia, Denmark (Greenland), Norway and the United States (Alaska).
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However, the Russian invasion of Ukraine has increased tensions, pointed out, at the start of the conflict, Damien Degeorges, specialist in Arctic geopolitics, author of
Rare Earths: geopolitical issue of the 21st century
(The Harmattan).
The retreat of the ice cap will facilitate access to resources, at sea and on land, in oil and gas, as well as in uranium, rare earths, phosphorus, bauxite, copper, niobium or platinum in the coming years.
According to estimates from the US Geological Survey, which date back to 2008 but remain…
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