Here it is: after long months of consultation, Elisabeth Borne finally unveils this Tuesday afternoon the pension reform project carried by the government, during a press conference in Paris.
A “
project of justice, balance and progress
”, wants to believe the Prime Minister, against which unions as political opponents are upwind.
LIVE – Pension reform: the legal retirement age will reach 64 in 2030
A little more than three years after the presentation of the previous systemic reform project by Edouard Philippe, abandoned in the face of the explosion of the Covid-19 pandemic, the executive is therefore returning to this explosive file.
Legal age, pensions, long careers, special regimes, senior indexes...
Le Figaro
takes stock of the main aspects of the project expected in the Council of Ministers on January 23, in order to be examined by Parliament "
from the beginning of February
and effective this summer.
Read alsoWhy this new pension reform is essential
Legal age raised to 64 by 2030
The “
red line
” so dreaded by the unions will indeed be crossed: the project proposes to gradually raise the legal retirement age from September 1, 2023, “
at the rate of 3 months per year of birth
”.
Today set at 62 years, it will therefore reach 63 years and 3 months by mid-2027, and 64 years in 2030. And not the 65 years initially desired by Emmanuel Macron.
Read alsoPension reform: the legal retirement age gradually pushed back to 64 by 2030
Duration of contributions: an acceleration of the Touraine reform of 2014
Beyond the legal age, the government will not modify the period of contribution necessary to retire with a full rate: it remains fixed at 172 quarters, or 43 annuities, as provided for by the Touraine law of 2014. However , if this text planned to gradually increase this duration by 2035, the government's plan proposes to go faster, "
in 2027, at the rate of one additional quarter per year
".
Thus, people born in 1968 and beyond will leave at age 64, excluding early departures.
No modification for the starting age without discount
For its part, the age of cancellation of the discount – that at which the pension is no longer reduced according to the number of quarters missing – remains unchanged, at 67 years.
End of the “main” special diets
A highly sensitive subject, the special pension schemes enjoyed by many professionals will be redesigned in the government's project.
They "
are no longer justified in the eyes of the French
", and the retirement ages they allow "
are no longer adapted to the reality of these professions
", explains the executive.
The schemes concerned are those of the RATP, employees of the electricity and gas industries, staff of the Banque de France, the Economic, Social and Environmental Council, as well as clerks and employees of notaries.
In these different areas, the "
grandfather clause
" applies: new entrants from 1 September 2023 will therefore be affiliated to the general pension scheme.
In addition, for people already in office, "
the progressive two-year shift in the legal age and the acceleration of the Touraine reform will apply to current employees of special schemes, but taking into account their specificities
", specifies the government.
The regimes of the Paris Opera, the Comédie Française and the fishermen are not, as anticipated, changed, as are the autonomous regimes enjoyed by lawyers and the liberal professions.
Pensions: an increase in the minimum to 1200 euros
As promised by Emmanuel Macron, the minimum pension will increase by 100 euros per month.
For future retirees from September 1, an employee paid at the minimum wage throughout his career will therefore receive 85% of the minimum wage, or just under 1200 euros per month.
Farmers, employees and craftsmen-traders are concerned by this measure, and this minimum pension from the general scheme as from the agricultural scheme will be indexed to the minimum wage, not to inflation.
For people already retired, the government wants to go further, by upgrading small pensions to the level of the minimum wage.
However, this measure will be specified in the coming days.
Early departures: a "strengthening" of the system for long careers
If it will always be possible to leave earlier for people who started working young, the ages are shifting with the reform.
Thus, people who can justify the conditions of the long career system - 22% of retirements in 2020 - will be able to leave two years before the legal age, i.e. at 62 years old.
At the same time, people with “
very long
” careers can leave at age 60, and those who started before age 16 can leave “
from age 58
”, if they have the required contribution period, plus one year.
In addition, workers benefiting from a disability pension or from retirement for incapacity will be able to retire two years before the legal age, at 62, at the full rate.
Similarly, people who have suffered accidents at work or an occupational disease resulting in a disability of at least 10% will also be able to leave at the age of 62, “
if this disability is linked to exposure to hardship factors
”.
Finally, disabled workers will be able to retire from the age of 55, if they have contributed a certain number of quarters, and workers exposed to asbestos will be able to stop working at the age of 50.
It will also be possible to count “
up to 4 quarters
” under the old-age insurance for stay-at-home parents (AVPF), which oversees people who stop working to care for a sick or disabled loved one.
Difficulty: certain thresholds lowered
The professional prevention account (C2P), which notably makes it possible to retire earlier, will be modified: “
The thresholds for the main factors of exposure to occupational risks will be lowered to allow more employees to benefit from an account
” , indicates the executive.
For example, the threshold for night work will increase from 120 to 100 nights per year.
Similarly, the text will take into account polyexposure to risks, allowing the employees concerned to earn points more quickly and without limit.
Another development, the executive wants to make more use of C2P to allow workers in a difficult job to reorient themselves.
For example, a point acquired by the C2P will finance 500 euros of training to change jobs, instead of 375 euros today.
The professional branches will also have to identify the professions most exposed to risks, and a fund for the prevention of professional wear and tear endowed with one billion euros during the five-year period will have to be set up: it will finance in particular awareness-raising and prevention for these workers.
Employment of seniors: an “index”
Among the main points, the executive also wishes to act for the employment of seniors.
First, a "
senior index
" will be published for all companies with more than 1,000 employees from this year and 300 employees from 2024. It will make it possible to "
promote good practices and denounce bad ones
", and a lack of publication will be equivalent to a "
penalty
".
In addition, the executive wants to make the progressive retirement system more flexible, and extend it to the public service as well as to the self-employed.
