On video: Demonstration of women's movements in Bhima (photo: Merav Cohen)
The two main reasons for mothers not returning to work after maternity leave are a lack of suitable jobs and a lack of coordination between the requirements of the job and the needs of mothers, according to a Vizo survey ahead of International Women's Day which will be celebrated next week.
The main factors that help reintegration into the labor market are the availability of quality education frameworks from the age of three months, synchronization of working hours with the hours of the educational frameworks as well as the possibility of the workplace participating in subsidizing the child's educational framework.
According to the survey, 60% of the working mothers claimed that free quality education from the age of three months and synchronization between working hours and the hours the child was in helped them return to the labor market, while 50% explained that state recognition or subsidies for transparent jobs and reimbursement for children's sick days would help them .
83% of the mothers who did not return to the labor market said that they could not find a suitable job and 60% of them claimed that their work was not compatible with raising their children.
Women dressed in robes "Story of a Handmaid's Tale" as part of a protest against the legal revolution (photo: Official website, "Building an Alternative:")
The mothers were also asked about the main difficulty they face.
66% of the mothers said that it was the cost of living, 53% of the respondents claimed that the combination between work and motherhood and 42% of them stated that the household chores were the main difficulty for them.
Most of the seasons testified that the need to balance the demands of home and work impairs their enjoyment of motherhood, as well as that the educational framework does not provide a sufficient answer for working mothers and is not suitable for ages three months to three years.
The survey also examined the women's feelings regarding their relationship.
50% of them claimed that they feel that the division of roles at home is not equal, 45% of the respondents stated that they often feel lonely, even if they are in a relationship or if they are surrounded by people and 38% have experienced difficulties in their relationship since the children were born.
At the same time as Vizo's survey, research by the Taub Center shows that in 2018 there was a gap of 35% in gross monthly salary and 28% in net salary in favor of men.
According to the study, the main source of the gap is differences in the job, for example differences in the scope of working hours, but it is also possible that the source of these differences is partly in gender norms.
The wage gap between men and women in Israel is still one of the highest in the OECD countries.
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The disparities between women and men exist even when there are no children, because of gender norms in parenting. It is probable that some of the wage disparities arise due to pregnancy and childbirth and raising children, but the findings show that even among people who are not parents there are gender disparities of 39% in monthly wages.
The wage gap among parents of one to three children is similar to the gap among those who are not parents.
That is, the relationship between raising children and the gender wage gap is relatively loose, and is manifested mainly among parents with more than three children.
Vizzo's survey also shows that 40% of the mothers oppose holding events or providing services for mothers and children in gender segregation, this is compared to about a quarter of the subjects who supported segregation.
When it comes to holding gender-segregated events and services, there is a clear gap in the responses between secular women versus religious and ultra-Orthodox women, with approximately 60% of secular women opposing gender segregation and 55% of religious and ultra-Orthodox women in favor.
In addition, about half of the mothers are bothered by the minority of members of the Knesset and serving in the government, but over a quarter are not bothered by this.
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