Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a phenomenon characterized by behavioral patterns of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, was first diagnosed in 1902 by a British pediatrician, George Frederick Steele, who presented the first detailed description of the phenomenon in children, which he called 'defect in moral control', although his diagnosis was recognized as medical years later, in 1980.
ADHD disorder is common in childhood and it affects children in different ways, photo: Freepik
From that point, the understanding and treatment of the disorder began to develop significantly.
This period marked the beginning of increased research into the condition, which led to a better understanding of its symptoms, causes, and variations.
Treatment approaches during this period focused mainly on drugs, especially stimulants, as well as behavioral therapies.
Official recognition has helped increase awareness and led to more standardized approaches to diagnosis and treatment.
Of the celebrities who have spoken openly about their ADHD.
Jim Carrey, photo: Reuters
The disorder has been recognized to affect not only children but also adults.
Today it is known that most children who suffer from attention deficit disorder 'carry' the symptoms to other periods in their adulthood.
Leonardo DiCaprio, Justin Timberlake, Michael Phelps, Michael Jordan, Simone Bales, Lady Gaga, Whoopi Goldberg, Adam Levine, Tom Cruise, Jim Carrey, Will Smith, Will I Am, Nicki Minaj, they're just Some celebrities have spoken openly about their ADHD disorder.
Their openness helps highlight the wide range of talents and abilities of people with the disorder, proving that great success can be achieved while managing ADHD symptoms.
This article, with help from ChatGPT, delves into the nuances of ADHD symptoms and ways to receive an official diagnosis, shedding light on a condition that affects millions.
The most decorated Olympic athlete of all time.
Michael Phelps, photo: Photo: Gettyimages
The three faces of ADHD
According to the most recent diagnostic guidelines in the DSM-5 (5th edition of the 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders', which diagnoses and classifies mental disorders according to their symptoms published by the American Psychiatric Association), ADHD has three separate modes of expression:
1. Failure to listen (ADHD-I)
People with this type of ADHD mostly show symptoms of inattention without the hyperactivity and impulsivity commonly associated with other forms of ADHD.
This type is sometimes less noticeable than the other types because it does not involve overt hyperactivity and therefore may not be diagnosed or noticed.
2. Hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-HI)
In this type, people show mostly hyperactivity and impulsivity, with fewer symptoms of inattention.
This type of ADHD is often easier to recognize due to the visible hyperactivity and impulsive behaviors.
3. Combined presentation (ADHD-C)
It is the most common form of ADHD and is characterized by a combination of inattention and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms.
Individuals with the combined presentation exhibit six or more symptoms from both the inattention group and the hyperactivity-impulsivity group.
This type effectively captures the full range of ADHD symptoms and reflects the complexity of the disorder, where symptoms can overlap and change over time.
10 key signs that signal - you have ADHD
Identifying ADHD begins with understanding its core symptoms, which sometimes go beyond the stereotypical inability to sit still.
Here are ten key indicators:
You are twisting
A hallmark of ADHD, especially under the hyperactive-impulsive criteria, includes tapping, squirming, or an inability to remain seated in predictable situations.
You have a problem with organization
Difficulty organizing tasks and activities can indicate ADHD, often reflecting problems with focus and persistence.
You are often late
Poor time perception often leads to tardiness, a common trait among those with ADHD.
People say you are forgetful
misplacing things or forgetting appointments are signs that point to attention deficit disorder, which is related to working memory deficits.
People complain that you don't listen
Not listening or talking excessively, even when it's someone else's turn, shows the inattention and impulsivity associated with ADHD.
You have concentration problems
Struggling to maintain focus, especially on tedious or repetitive tasks, is a frequent complaint of people with ADHD.
You leave unfinished tasks
The inability to complete tasks due to loss of focus or interest is indicative of attention lapses typical of ADHD.
You lack impulse control
A tendency to interrupt or act without forethought reflects the impulsivity component of ADHD.
You have difficulty controlling your emotions
From irritability to tantrums, can also indicate ADHD.
You had behavioral problems as a child
A history of ADHD-related behavior problems before the age of 12 is a crucial diagnostic criterion.
towards diagnosis
While self-assessment tools offer a starting point for people who fear they have ADHD, they cannot replace a professional evaluation.
A formal diagnosis requires a comprehensive evaluation by health care providers or mental health professionals, based on criteria that include the persistence of symptoms for at least six months.
In conclusion, the journey to understanding ADHD and seeking a diagnosis may involve confusion and misconceptions.
However, recognizing the signs and symptoms is the first step towards management and support.
Whether it's seeking clarity about personal experiences or better understanding a loved one, awareness and professional guidance are key to navigating the complexities of ADHD.
With proper diagnosis and treatment, people with ADHD can harness their unique strengths and navigate a path to success and fulfillment.
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